The Slave Trade
2 The Atlantic Slave Trade When? Spanish & Portuguese start slaving in Africa still smuggling slaves until the end of the civil war (technically illegal in 1808)
3 The Atlantic Slave Trade Why? (3 reasons combined) Labor shortage (not enough workers) Ethnocentrism –(feelings of superiority) Greed
4 The Atlantic Slave Trade Where to? 5% 60% 35% 65% 30% 5% Where from?
5 Number of people enslaved 30 million taken from their homes 10 million die during capture phase 10 million die during middle passage 10 million survive to make it over the ocean
6 Phases of the Slave Trade Capture: Tribes often did not have a choice in helping capture neighbors “divide and conquer” Most captured miles inland
7 Phases of the Slave Trade West African expectations about slavery: A slave’s child would not be a slave Slaves were not slaves for life
8 Phases of the Slave Trade Capture: Christiansborg Castle, Gold Coast, ca Cape Coast Castle, Gold Coast, 1727
9 Phases of the Slave Trade 2. The Middle Passage Journey over the Atlantic Ocean people in a boat with little air & much disease
10 Phases of the Slave Trade 2. The Middle Passage - Tight Pack Higher mortality, higher profits
11 Phases of the Slave Trade 2. The Middle Passage - Loose pack Lower mortality, lower profits
12 Phases of the Slave Trade 3. “Seasoning” - Brutal work camps, 4-5 months in Caribbean Meant to train people to be slaves
13 Thinking Question: (Don’t write down – just think!) Given how many people died during the “Capture phase” or on the “Middle passage,” what do you think went on in the minds of the slave catchers and slave traders?
14 Triangle Trade North America The Carribean Africa MolassesRum, weapons Slaves
15 Growth of Slavery Why Africans? Americas are desperate for labor Harder for Africans to run away than Native Americans African strengths - agricultural practices, resistance to diseases
16 Growth of Slavery How did African slaves fight back? Open revolt (rare) Work slowdowns Breaking Tools Poisoning food
17 Thinking Question: (Don’t write down – just think!) While many slaves resisted, not all of them did. What did they have to lose?
18 Growth of Slavery How much did it grow? million in slavery million (1/3 of Southern population)
19 Growth of Slavery Why? Invented made slavery VERY productive 100x faster than by hand More efficient = more $ (so need more slaves) Cotton Gin