The Plantation South EQ: How did cotton affect the social and economic life of the South? How did Americans moving west intensify the debate over slavery?
The Life of a Slave Based on the movie clip jot down information describing the plantation South and the life of a slave.movie clip What is your plan to convince the south to end slavery?
Early Emancipation in the North
The Cotton Kingdom Even though the North became industrialized, the South remained rural Boom in textiles increased demand for cotton and cotton gin made it even more profitable
Cotton became greatest source of wealth for all U.S. From cotton production increased ten-fold From the number of slaves went from 698,000 to 4 million
Changes in Cotton Production
Value of Cotton Exports As % of All US Exports
“Cotton Kingdom” – Area were owners of large plantation dominated society and lived in luxury
Southern Society (1850) “Slavocracy” [plantation owners] The “Plain Folk” [white yeoman farmers] 6,000,000 Black Freemen Black Slaves 3,200, ,000 Total US Population 23,000,000 [9,250,000 in the South = 40%]
Southern Population
Slave-Owning Population (1850)
AF AM in the South Restrictions on Free AF AM About 6% of AF AM in South were free Laws restricted their lives Excluded from all but lowest jobs, barred from public education, could not vote, serve on juries, or testify Were restricted from traveling Often kidnapped and sold into slavery
AF AM in the South Life Under Slavery Slave Codes controlled all aspects of slave lives Slaves legally considered property rather than humans Majority did heavy labor all day in fields with overseer giving punishment for offenses
Slave Master Brands Slave muzzle
Slave tag, SC Slave leg irons Slave shoes
AF AM in the South Others were skilled workers, housekeepers, butlers, nannies, etc. Families were often broken apart through sales Illegal to import enslaved Africans to U.S. after 1808 Customs passed down through the generations Blended Biblical themes with realities of slavery to compose spirituals
Resistance to Slavery Many showed resistance through disobedience or breaking equipment Others fled to North
Quilt Patterns as Secret Messages The Monkey Wrench pattern, on the left, alerted escapees to gather up tools and prepare to flee; the Drunkard Path design, on the right, warned escapees not to follow a straight route.
Resistance to Slavery Most famous slave revolt led by Nat Turner in 1831 Killed about 60 whites Many innocent AF AM killed in reprisal
Life of a Slave: Your Homework Document A: Henry Clay Bruce Document B: William Wells Document C: Cornella (slave lady) & Mrs. Ann Tanner
Crash Course in History: Slavery Please answer the questions to the Crash Course in History: Slavery summary. This will serve as a quiz grade; please do not share answers or your paper will be taken from you and you will receive a “0”. Enjoy! Link to Crash Course in History: SlaveryCrash Course in History: Slavery
The Extension of Slavery Slave and Free States In 1819 nation had a balance of 11 ‘free states’ and 11 ‘slave states’ Missouri sought admission to the Union as a ‘slave state’ Northerners were against this because Would spread slavery Would make the South more powerful than the North
The Extension of Slavery The Missouri Compromise Maine applied for admission as a free state which would balance the number Missouri Compromise Proposed by Henry Clay Permitted Maine admitted as free and Missouri as slave Provided everything new territory north of the southern edge of Missouri be admitted as free Gave slave owners right to pursue escaped slaves in “free” states
The Extension of Slavery Continuing Problem Southerners angry that the Congress had given itself the power to make laws regarding slavery Northerners angry that slavery was extended into another state