Review Game: Sectionalism

Prior to the Civil War, what was the basis of the Northern economy?

Manufacturing & industry.

Prior to the Civil War, was the basis of the Southern economy?

Agriculture.

What was the main crop grown by Southern farmers?

Cotton.

By the 1850’s, how did most Northerners view the institution of slavery?

As an evil that needed to be eliminated.

To where did most Northerners agree that freed slaves should be relocated in the event of abolition?

African colonies such as Liberia.

What was one reason that most Northern abolitionists did not want freed slaves to remain in the US?

1. Because they did not believe in Black-White equality and did not want freed slaves living in their community. 2. They did not want to compete for jobs with freed slaves.

What were two arguments that Southern slave owners used in support of slavery?

1. Plantations were like “big, happy families”. 2. Slaves were better treated than Northern factory workers. 3. The Bible supports the idea of slavery.

Which slave led a slave rebellion that resulted in the deaths of 57 people?

Nat Turner.

How did Southern slave owners react to Nat Turner’s rebellion?

By cracking down on the slave population—forbidding them to learn to read, to travel, to meet.

What THREE things were established by the Missouri Compromise?

1. Missouri enters the union as a slave state. 2. The line between slave and free states is drawn at 36-30’. 3. Maine enters the union as a free state.

Why was the Tariff of 1828 such an outrage to Southerners?

It made imports prohibitively expensive, forcing Southerners to buy from Northern manufactures—who raised prices in response.

When the tariff was passed, Andrew Jackson’s Vice President resigned. What was his name?

John C. Calhoun.

When the tariff was passed, South Carolina NULLIFIED it, and threatened to secede from the Union. What does that mean?

They cancelled the tariff and threatened to withdraw from the United States.

What was Andrew Jackson’s reaction to South Carolina’s threats?

He to invade SC and hang every member of the South Carolina legislature.

How did the Mexican government lure American settlers into Texas?

With the promise of cheap—or free—land.

What did Mexican dictator Santa Anna do that led to American Texans’ declaration of independence?

He took away their self- governing rights.

At which battle were 200 Texan rebels slaughtered by almost 6000 Mexican soldiers?

The Battle of the Alamo.

Which battle cry resulted from the Battle of the Alamo?

“Remember the Alamo”

Why were so many northerners opposed to the US’ annexation of Texas?

It would mean the addition of one more slave state.

How did US President James K. Polk cause the Mexican Army to attack US troops?

He sent thousands of US Army soldiers into disputed territory.

Which three territories did the US gain as the result of the Mexican-American War?

California, New Mexico, Texas.

What was the Wilmot Proviso?

A law (that never passed) which would have outlawed slavery in all territory taken from Mexico.

Which 1848 event caused the California population to explode?

The discovery of gold.

When California requested admission to the Union, what kind of state did it request to be?

FREE.

Which Compromise settled the issue of California’s admittance to the Union?

The Compromise of 1850.

What were TWO components of the Compromise of 1850?

1. California admitted as a free state. 2. People in New Mexico & Utah would decide the slavery issue by voting. 3. The slave trade is outlawed in D.C. 4. Slavery remains legal in D.C. 5. The Fugitive Slave Act is passed.

What was the Fugitive Slave Act?

A law that made it illegal to assist runaway slaves in any way.

When Kansas & Nebraska asked to be admitted to the Union, which act was passed to address the issue of slavery in those territories?

The Kansas-Nebraska Act.

How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act address the slavery issue?

The issue would be decided by a VOTE—popular sovereignty.

Which political party formed in opposition to the Kansas- Nebraska Act?

The Republican Party.

How did pro and anti-slavery react to the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

By flooding the territories in order to vote on the slavery issue.

What was the basis of the lawsuit of Dred Scott?

Having been taken into free territory, he claimed that he had been made free.

What was the Supreme Court’s ruling in the Dred Scott decision?

1. Not being a “person”, Dred Scott has no right to sue in court. 2. All legislation banning slavery was a violation of the 5 th amendment right to property and therefore unconstitutional.

What was John Brown’s goal in his raid upon the arsenal at Harper’s Ferry?

To distribute weapons to slaves in an attempt to foment a slave uprising.