Today is Thursday, January 8th To do: 1.Get PAY Folders and place in center of your desk 2.Write in your Agenda 3.Warm up: Answer the THREE questions below: What does the word Antebellum Mean? Name three abolitionist and tell what each did. What did Charles Fitzhugh do? Agenda : -Slavery -Quiz Tomorrow

Antebellum Georgia Life on a Southern Plantation

Plantations What Did They Grow? –Not Just Cotton oRice oIndigo oHemp oTobacco oSugar –Plantations Grew What They Needed, and Then One or Two Major Cash Crops

Plantation Production

A Georgia Plantation

Cotton Was King Cotton in Georgia: –Business was booming Needs For Financial Success: –Climate Long summer, plenty of rain, dry harvest season. –Cotton Gin oThanks Eli Whitney –Good Transportation oGeorgia had this (Trains / Riverboats) –Cheap Labor oSlavery

A Georgia Plantation

Cotton Gin

Who Owned Slaves?

Today is Monday, Jan. 12th To do: 1.Get PAY Folders and place in center of your desk 2.Write in your Agenda 3.Warm up: Answer the TWO questions below: What is the difference in the Southern and Northern perspectives in regards to moving up in society? What agreement allowed one slave state and one free state to enter balancing the number at 11 free and 11 slave? Agenda : -Slavery --Jigsaw

Daily Life of Slaves Life on a Southern Plantation

Plantation Owners 3% of Southerners Were Planters –20 or More Slaves –Only 1% Owned 50 or More Who Had The Political Power? –Planter class owned more than half of all slaves –They also controlled 90% of the region’s total wealth

Slave Housing & Clothing Slave’s Housing –consisted of small one room huts built out of inferior materials with fireplaces for heating and cooking, little to no furniture, pallets to sleep on. Slave Clothing –Slaves only had one set of clothing—heavy pants or skirts, ill fitting shirts, wide brimmed hats, sometimes heavy duty shoes. Slave Diet –consisted of fatback, molasses and corn bread. Some slaves could have a vegetable garden and fish in streams and ponds. Sometimes plantation owners shared game with them.

Slave Housing in Savannah

Slave Work Harvesting Rice –Rice harvesters worked long hours in flooded, swampy fields bent over. Each expected to produce four to five 500 lb barrels of rice a season. Harvesting Cotton and Tobacco –Chopping cotton was HOT and demanding work which required harvesters to stoop over each plant from August to November. Cotton ripened gradually so sometimes there were six pickings a season. Slaves worked six days a week from sun rise to sun set. Overseers watched at all times.

Work Conditions Six days a week, sun up to sun down. Adults and even children were given a “quota.” Overseers or slave drivers were used to supervise work in the fields. Punishments were given to those not working up to expectations

Slave Scarred from Whipping

“ We have to rely more and more on the power of fear. We are determined to continue as masters, and to do so we have to draw the reign tighter and tighter day by day to be assured that we hold them in complete check.” -James Henry Hammond Planter

Slave Family Life, Religion, and Education Family Life –The law did not recognize slave marriages but encourages slaves to procreate because children became the property of the woman’s master. Though black families were strong, they were often separated. Religion –Many slaves converted to Christianity and attended services on Sunday mornings. Black preachers voiced a strong desire for freedom and justice. Spiritual songs gave comfort and spoke of faith in God and belief in freedom. Education –Nonexistent for most slaves but some owners broke the law and used the Bible to teach reading and writing.

Tales & Songs Music –Songs were a form of comfort and a way to express their desire for freedom o“Swing Low Sweet Chariot…” o“Go Down Moses” o“Michael Row You Boat Ashore” o“Nobody Knows the Trouble I’ve Seen”

Leaders of Rebellion Gabriel Prosser –In 1800 Prosser gathered 1,000 slaves in Richmond, Virginia to carryout a revolt but was betrayed, arrested and executed. Denmark Vesey –In 1822, Vesey recruited 5,000 slaves to revolt in Charleston, S.C. but it failed. Nat Turner –In 1831, Turner led the bloodiest slave revolt in American history in Virginia. Between people were killed.

Laws to Limit Rebellions Strict laws were made to limit slave movements, meetings and rebellions –Literary Law: Passed in Georgia in1833, where any teaching of people of color would be fined or whipped. –Employment law prohibited people of color from working in any job that involved reading or writing. –Slave codes took away nearly all rights of slaves. It became against the law to testify against whites, show disrespect, make any type of contact or carry a weapon.

Who was John Brown? John Brown was a white abolitionist who led a party of 21 men in a raid on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry in He was considered a hero by many, though he was hanged for his acts.

What was the Underground Railroad and its impact? A network of roads, houses, river crossings, boats, wagons, woods and streams that provided a trail of flight from slavery. The route could take months. Stops along the way were called stations. Conductors lead groups to freedom.

Who was Harriett Tubman? Harriet Tubman was a conductor of the Underground Railroad who led more than 300 people to freedom.

Who was Sojourner Truth Birth name Isabella Baumfree was a freed slave who became a traveling preacher dedicated to the abolition of slavery, equality and the betterment of society. (Ain’t I a Woman?) Video