Click to add text Events Leading to the Civil War
Sectional Differences (Description) North Industrial economy Against secession For tariffs South Agricultural economy Dependent on slavery For States’ Rights Against tariffs
Sectional Differences (Effects) Differences exaggerate other problems Differences become basis for future disagreements
Compromise of 1850 & Fugitive Slave Law (Description) California becomes a free state Slave trade outlawed in Washington D.C. Northerners must help catch runaway slaves or they can be fined or jailed System is rigged to favor slave owners
Compromise of 1850 & Fugitive Slave Law (Effects) The North is pleased by California being a free state Slave trade in DC ending The Fugitive Slave Law pleases the South but angers the North Because of the law escapees must reach Canada (or Mexico) on the Underground Railroad Free blacks are in danger of being taken as slaves
Uncle Tom’s Cabin (Description) A fictional anti-slavery novel Author: Harriet Beecher Stowe Lincoln calls her “the little woman who started the great big war” Hero of the story is a slave who dies after being cruelly whipped yet forgives his master
Uncle Tom’s Cabin (Effects) North becomes aware of the harshness of slavery those who were apathetic begin to care about the issue South Says it’s abolitionist propaganda Claim it exaggerates the treatment of slaves
Kansas-Nebraska Act (Description) Needed to organize the territories of Kansas & Nebraska so they could build a railroad across the U.S. Allows popular sovereignty (votes by people in the territory) to decide the issue of slavery in these areas
Kansas-Nebraska Act (Effects) Overturns the Missouri Compromise Republican Party forms to stop the spread of slavery Fighting between pro- slavery & anti-slavery settlers in Kansas is known as Bleeding Kansas
Dred Scott vs. Sandford (Description) Dred Scott—a slave who sued for his freedom in the U.S. Supreme Court Court’s ruling: Blacks were not citizens (even free blacks) Slaves were property “Property” could be taken anywhere because the 5 th Amendment protected property rights.
Dred Scott vs. Sandford (Effects) Missouri Compromise is ruled unconstitutional Congress can’t ban slavery in the territories South is thrilled Many Northerners join the Republican Party
Lincoln-Douglas Debates (Description) Candidates for Senator from Illinois Abe Lincoln— Republican Against the spread of slavery Honest Abe Stephen Douglas— Democrat Favors popular sovereignty The Little Giant
Lincoln-Douglas Debates (Effects) Douglas Won the election for Senator Statements caused him to lose future support of Southerners Lincoln Lost election for Senator Gained popularity nationwide Helped him win the presidential election in 1860
Attack on Harper’s Ferry (Description) The abolitionist John Brown led an attack on a U.S. arsenal (place where weapons are stored) The arsenal was in the town of Harper’s Ferry in the state of Virginia He wanted to seize weapons for a slave rebellion
Attack on Harper’s Ferry (Effects) Robert E. Lee, of the U.S. Army, captured Brown Brown was convicted of treason & executed Northern view Hero and martyr—one who dies for a cause Southern view Horrified that northerners support this criminal
Lincoln’s Election (Description) Lincoln won the election of 1860 because there were 4 candidates The Democratic party split (North & South) He got votes Northern states with larger populations giving him more electoral votes
Lincoln’s Election (Description) Lincoln opposed slavery but promised NOT to free slaves in the South He and the Republican party just wanted to prevent slavery from spreading west
Lincoln’s Election (Effects) The South does not believe Lincoln & fears he will abolish slavery South Carolina & six other states secede (withdraw from the Union) Although Lincoln won the Nov. election, James Buchanan is still president when states begin to leave
Lincoln’s Election (Effects) The seven states that secede form the Confederate States of America (CSA) They name Jefferson Davis as their president President Buchanan (US) says it’s illegal but takes no action against them