NOMADIC EXPANSION

 NOMADS  Movement  Animals  Open, free  SETTLED  Sedentary  Agriculture  Confined, “slavery”

 Conditions  Conflict

 Nomadic Pastoralism  Movement  Land  Animals  Tribe

MONGOLS:OTHERS:  1 mil.  China, M.E., Russia  Millions

 Training  Weapons  Short bow  350 yds.  Europe: 250 yds.

 Basic unit  Tumens: 10k  Subunits  Commanders: control

 100% cavalry  Combat: heavy  Archers: light  Horses  Best bred, trained  miles/day

 Scout parties  Messenger corps  Days on horse  Logistics unit

 Psychological  Terror  Demoralizing  Discipline, strategy

 Mobility  Cavalry  Few provisions

 Strategy, diplomacy  United  Million people  Army 10%

 Grandson Chinggis Khan  China

 Travel, comm.  Conquered people = new talent  Specialists  Marco Polo

 Chinese, inferior  Taxes  Religious toleration  Wealth

 Technology  Hygiene  Daily baths  Chinese culture  Little change