Limiting Reactants. A chemical reaction will stop when you run out of one of your – limits the extent of the reaction.  Determines.

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Presentation transcript:

Limiting Reactants

A chemical reaction will stop when you run out of one of your ____________ ____________– limits the extent of the reaction.  Determines the amount of product that is formed.  It runs out first ____________– left over reactant

Limiting Reactant Problems A limiting reactant problem can be easily identified because you have TWO givens You basically are just going to do 2 stoichiometry problems

Steps 1. Write the _____________________ 2. Start with given #1 and go to desired product 3. Start with given #2 and go to the same product 4. The one that formed the ____________ amount of grams is the limiting reactant

Example S 8 + 4Cl 2  4S 2 Cl g of S 8 and g of Cl 2 are combined in a flask. How much S 2 Cl 2 will you get?

Other questions What was the limiting reactant? What was the excess reactant? How much excess did we have left over after the reaction was completed?

Another Example P 4 + 5O 2  P 4 O 10 If we used 25.4 g P 4 and 50.0 g O 2 answer the following questions. 1.What is the limiting reactant? 2.What is the excess reactant? 3.How much P 4 O 10 will you get? 4.How much excess did you use? 5.How much excess will you have left over?

Another Example 1. What is the limiting reactant? 2. What is the excess reactant? 3. How much P 4 O 10 will you get? 4. How much excess did you use? 5. How much excess will you have left over?

% Yield Remember % = (part / whole) x 100 When performing an experiment, things do not always go exactly perfect Some product may get spilled, some may get sneezed on, or the reaction may not have gone to completion

% Yield ____________– the amount of product you should get if the experiment went perfectly. You get this number from stoichiometry ____________– this is what you actually got in the lab. You measure this on a balance ____________– how close you were to the correct answer % yield = (actual / theoretical) x 100

% Yield Example K 2 CrO 4 + 2AgNO 3  Ag 2 CrO 4 + 2KNO 3 What is the theoretical yield of Ag 2 CrO 4 formed from g AgNO 3 ? What is the % yield if g is actually formed?