Clean Diesel Construction Requirements of the Port Authority of NY & NJ Dorian Bailey, Supervisor Chemical/Environmental Testing Engineering Department 201-216-2963 dbailey@panynj.gov

Rebuilding of the World Trade Center Environmental Performance Commitments “EPC” Requirements Submit a Diesel Engine Emission Mitigation Plan Follow Diesel Engine Anti-Idling Policy Use Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) Fuel Meet or Surpass Diesel Construction Equipment Age Requirements (Tier 2) Install Best Available Technology on > 50 HP

New York City Local Law 77 “LL77” Requirements Use Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) Fuel Consider nitrogen oxides and particulate matter strategies Install Best Available Technology on > 50 HP Category I – retrofit tailpipe devices with the highest reductions in pollutants Category 2 – retrofit tailpipe devices with the lower reductions in pollutants Category 3 – Other fuel-change based emission reductions

Agency Wide Clean Diesel Specifications bridges tunnels terminals airports PATH ports Core Requirements Idle Restrictions ULSD Newer Engines BAT

Agency Wide Clean Diesel Specifications Clean Diesel Specification Phase in Period Awarded in 2009 with total construction costs of $10 million or greater; Awarded in 2010 with total construction costs of $5 million of greater; Awarded in 2011 with total construction costs of $1.5 million of greater; All contracts awarded in 2012 or later

Agency Wide Clean Diesel Specifications Applicability: All land based and barge mounted diesel powered construction equipment (Specifically excludes marine) Site Implementation: Immediate, i.e., all equipment must arrive on site meeting requirements Contract Book Location: Division 1: Diesel Fuel

Submittal Requirements Excel format preferred initially and for updated inventories Onsite/off site dates Make, manufacturer, model, and serial numbers for: (1) engine (2) equipment and (3) retrofit Equipment Engine Retrofit Anticipated function, days and hours Model year, Tier Rating, HP Installation dates Duration of use on project Fuel consumption per shift Prior waivers or BAT determinations

Diesel Engine Anti-Idling Policy The idling time of Non-Road and On-Road Vehicles shall be limited to three (3) consecutive minutes except as follows: On-Road Vehicle is forced to remain motionless because of traffic conditions or mechanical difficulties over which the operator has no control When it is necessary to operate defrosting, heating, cooling or auxiliary equipment. Exempts cranes and concrete mixers when necessary. To bring the vehicle to the manufacturer’s recommended operating temperature. When the outdoor ambient temperature is below 20°. When the vehicle is being actively worked on for repairs or maintenance and idling is needed to effectuate repairs.

ULSD and Other Fuels ULSD (15 ppm) is required, which has been nationally available at on-road pumps since 2006 Biodiesel, emuslfied diesel, oxy-diesel and fuel borne-catalysts alone will not meet PA BAT approval

Newer Engines (Tier Levels) Agency wide specification mandates Tier 1 engines EPC driven specifications for Lower Manhattan rebuilding requires Tier 2 engines PA may move to a Tier 2 minimum standard after full implementation Preliminary EIS modeling for the Goethals Bridge Replacement Project shows a possible need for Tier 2 Engines with BAT

Best Available Technology (BAT) All equipment > 50 HP must be retrofitted with emission control devices, such as: Diesel Oxidation Catalysts (DOC) Flow Through Filters (FTF) Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF)

Diesel Oxidation Catalyst Smallest PM reductions (20 – 33%) Waivers required for use on equipment >75 HP Easiest, cheapest installation No backpressure or maintenance issues Figure 1: http://www.meca.org/galleries/defaultimage/diesel_oxidation_catalyst.gif

Flow Through Filters (FTF) More efficient PM removal than DOC (~50%) Waivers required for use on >75 HP Catalyzed mesh or torturous path filters Some cleaning/maintenance Passive regeneration temperature requirements Source: http://www.dcl-inc.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=16&Itemid=36

Diesel Particulate Filter BAT “Gold Standard” for PM • PM Removal Efficiencies (>90%) Active or passive filter media regeneration Active regeneration must be considered for higher HP applications with low exhaust temps Figure 2: http://www.meca.org/galleries/default-image/diesel_particulate_filter.gif

Retrofit Verification Programs PA Accepts Verification From: CARB EPA VERT/BUWAL http://www.arb.ca.gov/diesel/verdev/vt/cvt.htm http://www.epa.gov/oms/retrofit/verif-list.htm http://www.bafu.admin.ch/publikationen/publikation/01010/index.html?lang=en

Compliance is field verified! BAT Summary General PM Removal %: DPF > FTF > DOC For 50-75 HP, FTF or DOC is acceptable. No waiver required Devices should be verified by CARB or EPA Compliance is field verified!

Waivers Active regeneration must be considered Economic analysis of retrofit cost to equipment value Reciprocity (3 years for BAT) a. Safety/visibility b. Void the engine warranty c.  Other mechanical reasons d. Can’t upgrade Tier 0 to 1 Cost: 30 percent of the fair market value of the construction equipment Engineer’s discretion

Questions? At the Port Authority, we are committed to a greener tomorrow. Thank you!