Unit 3 We the People BILL OF RIGHTS First 10 Amendments to the Constitution

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First Amendment Free exercise of Religion Freedom of Speech Freedom of Press Freedom of Assembly and Petition Also Called RAPPS

JOHN PETER ZENGER John Peter Zenger was a German-born U.S. journalist in New York City. Created a newspaper to voice opposition to the difficult policies of newly appointed Colonial Governor William Cosby. His case was an important contributing factors to the development of freedom of the press in America. He was acquitted during his trial…

SECOND AMENDMENT The Right to Bare Arms

Third Amendment No Quartering of Troops

Fourth Amendment No Unreason- able Searches and Seizures

Fifth Amendment Guarantee of Grand Jury No Double Jeopardy (can’t be tried for the same crime twice) No Self-Incrimination (Plead the fifth) Guarantee of Due Process (everyone gets treated the same) To taking of Property without Just Compensation ($) (eminent Domain)

O.J. Simpson cannot be charged for the same crime twice under the Fifth Amendment.

SIXTH AMENDMENT Right to Speedy, Public Trial Right to Trial by Jury Right to be informed of Charge Right to Confront Witnesses Right to obtain Witnesses Right to Counsel (Attorney)

SEVENTH AMENDMENT Trial by Jury in Civil Cases over $20 In the 1700’s twenty dollars was a lot more money than it is today. Now, for any dispute involving less than $ , small claims court will handle the case without a jury.

Eighth Amendment No Excessive Bail or Fines No Cruel or Unusual Punishment An early electric chair “Dunking” no longer used

8 th Amendment Continued Number of states that use which method of execution: Firing Squad - 3 Hanging - 4 Lethal Gas - 7 Electric Chair - 11 Lethal Injection - 33 The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1976 that the death penalty was constitutional First 8 amendments spell out personal liberties

Ninth Amendment Unenumerated Rights not Denied to the People People still have rights that they are entitled to that may not be expressed directly in the Constitution. This always goes back to Natural Rights…life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Includes the right to privacy

Tenth Amendment Undelegated Powers reserved for the States The tenth amendment sets up the basic principle of federalism The governmental powers not listed in the Constitution for the national government are powers that the states, or the people of those states, can have.

10 th Amendment Examples The states determine the rules for: marriages divorces driving licenses voting state taxes job and school requirements rules for police fire departments

What the Bill of Rights Represented Protection against a strong central government Protection of Individual liberties Protection through a trial by jury