Glass recycling: environmental and economic case IMA – November 14, 2012

2 Glass production and recycling The glass production in Europe exceed 50 millions per year. 18 millions tons of glass is collected and reused for the most part in the glass industry. 1% 2% 4% 46% 39% Other glass Fiber glass Flaconnage Glass wool Flat glass Container glass Non recycled Recycled Glass production in Europe (MT) 100% = 50MT Glass recycling rate in Europe (%) 100% = 18MT

3 Glass recycling per applications Glass woolFlat glassContainer glassFiber glassother glass Production (MT) Recycled (MT) Recycled material in formulation (MT) Container glass is at the forefront of the recycling initiative in Europe. This is the consequence of combined forces of the EU administration, the glass industry, the municipalities and the glass re-processors.

Container glass recycling rate Container glass recycling follows an irreversible heavy growth trend for the last 20 years. It met the European waste directive 94/12/EC of 60% recycling rate for glass packaging in 2008.

The European container glass industry has achieved a record 67 % recycling rate in However there is still important potential for growth with important differences between Northern and Western Europe Container glass recycling rate Source Feve

Illustrative, for a green glass batch (*): KSP quantities Container glass recycling - process Glass recycling capacities (11 MT in Europe) an technology step change allowed the production of furnace ready cullet for the glass industry. Process enhancement : Quality improvements Waste reduction 40% 80% 90% 30% 60% 70% 50% 10% 20% 0% 100% Ferrous removal Optical sorting Non-ferrous removal (Foucault) Colour sorting Manual sorting Organic removal 350ppm 200ppm 100ppm 500ppm 25ppm Optical sorting Drying 50ppm Cullet intake in oven

Container glass recycling - process 20% AmberDead leaf 21% Flint 34% Green 66% Production (MT) Cullet intake (%) Production (MT) Color sorting technologies (develop in 2000) provide new room for additional glass recycling and help balance the input (glass collected) with the output (industry need). Cullet intake per color

Sibelco Green Solutions Sibelco Green Solutions is operating a dense network of 9 plants producing over 1MT of cullet per year. The company is at the forefront of innovation and the only company able to sort of the four main color. Most advanced in color sortingDense network of 9 plants 2 new plants (Venice and Antwerp) added in 2012 and 2013

Container glass - the environmental case CulletComments Recyclability Infinite with no loss of material Natural ressources1 T Preservation of natural resources. Energy (melting point)1 000°c25% energy saving. Emission (C02 and SOx)-500 kg per ton of glass De-carbonatation Energy consumption. WaterWater free process Landfilling Over 14 MT per year of glass not being landfilled Glass is the only material that can be recycled without loss of materials. This later point associated with the other advantages of glass makes it the greenest packaging.

Container glass - the economic case As batch raw material : cullet has economic advantages over minerals. -Reduction in energy consumption: - 25% -Pull increase. €15 to €20 savings per ton glass produced, compared to cost of raw minerals batch ranging from €65/T to €90T.

Conclusion 18 millions of glass collected in Europe. Glass is the only material that can be recycled infinitely without loss of material or functionalities. The container glass collection and recycling have seen a dramatic acceleration over the last 20 years. A win – win – win equation for the community, the glass producers and eventually the consumers. A step change in glass processing (i.e color sorting) enabled to maximize the glass recycling in the re-melt industry. The main advantages are less landfill (waste disposal) and a decrease in energy consumption that led to 15€ to 20€ per ton saving. The success of the container glass recycling should pave the way for government, industrials and recyclors to join their efforts in developing a similar approach for the other type of glass.