Five years on – the Impact of the Budapest Open Access Initiative ELPUB 2007 Vienna, Austria June 14, 2007

Open Society Institute Private, grant-making foundation funded by George Soros which aims to shape public policy to promote democratic governance, human rights, and economic, legal, and social reform Annual budget: $450 million Network of national foundations in 67 countries

Background of BOAI arXiv.org, PLoS petition, BMC Budapest meeting, December 2001 Defines, provides strategies OSI funding to Open Access initiatives

Development of a Movement Support of meetings → introduce & raise awareness of OA Open Access News → main source of information on OA SPARC advocacy → Alliance for Taxpayer Access DOAJ & OpenDOAR

Journals per country

Hits to DOAJ based upon country February 2007December : 37.32%:.com (Commercial) : 37.58%:.com (Commercial) : 18.10%: [unresolved numerical addresses] : 23.31%: [unresolved numerical addresses] : 6.36%:.net (Networks) : 9.08%:.net (Networks) : 6.21%:.za (South Africa) : 5.77%:.za (South Africa) : 3.85%:.edu (USA Higher Education) 50301: 2.39%:.br (Brazil) : 3.61%:.org (Non Profits) 42332: 2.03%:.edu (USA Higher Education) : 3.28%:.bg (Bulgaria) 16593: 1.89%:.org (Non Profits) : 3.15%:.ch (Switzerland) 44513: 1.88%:.ch (Switzerland) : 1.75%:.br (Brazil) 34474: 1.58%:.uk (United Kingdom) : 1.68%:.de (Germany) 15913: 1.44%:.de (Germany) : 1.38%:.uk (United Kingdom) 24092: 0.84%:.fr (France) : 0.80%:.ca (Canada) 15505: 0.71%:.it (Italy) : 0.73%:.fr (France) 9933: 0.61%:.in (India) : 0.73%:.my (Malaysia) 8485: 0.59%:.jp (Japan) : 0.61%:.se (Sweden) 10227: 0.54%:.tr (Turkey)

Repositories per country

Publishers’ reaction to OA Large publishers’ associations show resistance –ALPSP statement –AAP PR Individual publishers (both commercial/non- profit) experimenting w/model –OA publishing workshops → OUP –Hybrid model → OUP, Blackwell, Springer –Sustainability → Hindawi, BMC –High quality → PLoS

Mandating OA – Role of funders Wellcome Trust, 2003/2006 UK Parliamentary Inquiry, 2004 Research Councils UK, 2006 Ukrainian Cabinet of Ministers, 2005 US Federal Research Public Access Act of 2006 (to be re-introduced in 2007); NIH Public Access Policy European Union Canada (CIHR, IDRC) Australia (ARC, NHMRC)

The Way Forward Mandates from governments, funding agencies Mandates from universities re deposit Development of additional OA journals Continued unity of OA movement – OA publishing & self-archiving community must remain united behind common goal

Conclusion The impact of the BOAI is clearly seen when one considers that before the meeting in Budapest, there was not even a term or definition for Open Access. Now Open Access is being debated by governments and publishers and mandated by funding bodies and universities.

Thank you. Melissa Hagemann Program Manager Open Access Initiative Information Program Open Society Institute