Widianto, K. Hairiah, W.S. Dewi, Hascaryo, D. Saputra, F.K. Aini, D. Suprayogo, N.Khasanah and M. van Noordwijk L Litter layer, population density of earthworm.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

The Drainage Basin System

Advertisements

Water in a river drainage system

Water Table and Aquifers

B1. Quantifying the role of AF in modifying watershed functions Starting from current practice in 'integrated watershed management' with participatory.

Topic:Woodland Ecosystem --- The Tai Po Nature Field Study Tang Wing Yan Wong Ha Kwan Fung Ka Hei.

Less litter and soil organic matter leads to reduced infiltration and water holding capacity. Increased runoff water amount and velocity can cause floods.

Evergreen tree dynamics in tropical savanna

Precipitation interception in Australian tropical rainforests Measurement of stemflow, throughfall and cloud interception D. McJannet, J. Wallace, and.

Environmental Relationships in Tropical Rainforests.

Jump to first page Lecture 4 n Below ground processes n Water reaches the ground beneath a forest as throughfall (direct raindrop passage through the canopy,

Classifying Worm Species. Worms species come in three general categories  Litter dwelling (Epigeic)  Soil dwelling (Endogenic)  Deep burrowing (Anecic)

Precipitation Interception Throughfall Stemflow Evaporation Transpiration Evaporation Ocean Lake Ground water Overland flow Return flow Infiltration Redistribution.

Modelling water dynamics in coffee systems: Parameterization of a mechanistic model over two production cycles in Costa Rica. Pablo Siles, Patrice Cannavo,

Runoff Processes Reading: Applied Hydrology Sections 5.6 to 5.8 and Chapter 6 for Tuesday of next week.

Erosion Control Short Course Monday, April 23, 2012 San Luis Obispo City/County Library Ron Harben, Project Director California Association of Resource.

Development of a mechanistic model of Hg in the terrestrial biosphere Nicole Smith-Downey Harvard University GEOS-Chem Users Meting April 12, 2007.

Lecture ERS 482/682 (Fall 2002) Interception ERS 482/682 Small Watershed Hydrology.

Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) Müncheberg, Germany Institute of Landscape Systems Analysis Funded by Martina Puhlmann, Hubert.

Soil and the Hydrologic Cycle Read Ch 6 Brady and Weil Quiz 6 on Monday, Oct. 15.

Climatic variability, land-cover change, and forest hydrology in the Pacific Northwest David W. Peterson JISAO Climate Impacts Group Forest Hydrology.

What is Water Cycle? It is the flow/movement and storage of water in and between the atmosphere, the lithosphere, the hydrosphere & the biosphere It also.

Land Surface Models & Surface Water Hydrology Cédric DAVID.

Jefferson High School Compton Creek Research Project UCLA and Los Angeles Waterkeeper Funded by the Environmental Protection Agency.

Applying Methods for Assessing the Costs and Benefits of CCA 2 nd Regional Training Agenda, 30 September – 4 October 2013 Priyanka Dissanayake- Regional.

RANGELAND HYDROLOGY BASIC CONCEPTS Lamar Smith Cascabel Ranch and Consulting Carta Valley, Texas.

Canopy Forest Floor Roots. What is forest hydrology? Forest hydrology is the study of the interactions between the hydrological cycle and forest ecosystems.

Soil Productivity and Conservation THE GMIS. Importance of Soil As the key resource in crop production It supports the physical, chemical, and biological.

Databases 1. AFTree Database This database records about 450 species of agroforestry trees in South East Asia. It contains information on species identity,

Basics on Water Balance Module 2: Water Budget, Pressures and Impacts, Significant Water Management Issues, Monitoring, Characterization Report Basics.

Water, water everywhere?

Tropical forests and water flows: from small watersheds to the pantropics “Functional Value of Biodiversity” Project with support from World Bank Netherlands.

Routing GenRiver 1.0 Distributed process-based model spatial scale: ha,temporal scale: daily Can be used as a tool to explore our understanding.

Habitats of the World: Rainforests. What is a Rainforest? Tropical rainforests are forests with tall trees, warm climate, and lots of rain. In some rainforests.

LL-III physics-based distributed hydrologic model in Blue River Basin and Baron Fork Basin Li Lan (State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower.

Water Cycle. What is the water cycle? This is how water circulates through our environment Water changes from water to gas over and over again to complete.

Kurniatun Hairiah*, Meine van Noordwijk**, Subekti Rahayu**, Sandy E. Williams** and Ni’matul Khasanah** * Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia **World.

ALTERRA Organic matter / nitrogen simulations with SWAP/ANIMO Joop Kroes & Piet Groenendijk.

DRAINMOD APPLICATION ABE 527 Computer Models in Environmental and Natural Resources.

Estimating Recharge on Groundwater Resources Projects The Influence of Soils & Crops Tim Hess Institute of Water & Environment Cranfield University Environment.

Drainage Basin System. 1. Introduction The circulation of water between atmosphere, land and ocean is referred as the hydrological cycle The drainage.

Fire Effects on Water. The Watershed Concept What is a watershed? Area of land that drains into a common outlet Watershed condition- health or status.

Soil Chapter 7, Section 3 & 4. Soil  A loose mixture of rock fragments, organic material, water, and air that can support the growth of vegetation.

Understanding Soil.

2.4 Biomes. Assessment Statements Define the term biome Explain the distribution, structure, and relative productivity of tropical rainforests,

Chapter 4 Water World Why is water important to the health of the planet? LO: To recognise the main flows and stores of the hydrological cycle. HL Activity.

Africa: Climate and Vegetation Mr. Dodson. Africa is so hot because it lies between the Tropic of Cancer and tropic of Capricorn “Sahara” is Arabic for.

Irrigation Requirements Based upon the book Rain Bird Irrigation Design Manual From Chapter 3.

6. Drainage basins and runoff mechanisms Drainage basins Drainage basins The vegetation factor The vegetation factor Sources of runoff Sources of runoff.

Load Estimation Using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)

Hydrosphere Lesson starter: What do we mean by Hydrosphere?

Agriculture and the Changing Climate: Resilience in Uncertain Times Kim McCracken NRCS State Soil Scientist November 7, 2015.

Warm- Up 2/3/16 Name 3 physical features of Sub-Saharan Africa. (ex. The name of a lake, a river, and a mountain) ANSWER: EX. Lake Tanganyika, The Congo.

Sanitary Engineering Lecture 4

Drainage Basin. A drainage basin is the name given to the area of land which is drained by a river. The drainage basin acts as a funnel by collecting.

Didik Suprayogo, Meine van Noordwijk, and Betha Lusiana UNIBRAW Example 3 : Predicted soil C and N-total in SOM Trends of C-total in soil organic matter.

Community Land Model (CLM)

Lesson two: Factors affecting the hydrological cycle.

Kyle Ward and Steph Reichenbach

Interception Interception is the amount of water retained in vegetation It never reaches soil and evaporates back to atmosphere In heavily forested regions.

The NCAR Community Climate System Model (CCSM)

Conserving freshwater aquatic ecosystems requires consideration of 1

Vegetation and Energy Balance.

Fire Effects on Water September 27, 2006.

„Analyses and management of

THE WATER CYCLE.

Lesson two: Factors affecting the hydrological cycle.

J.T. Kiehl National Center for Atmospheric Research

Match the drainage basin terms to the correct definitions!

Presentation transcript:

Widianto, K. Hairiah, W.S. Dewi, Hascaryo, D. Saputra, F.K. Aini, D. Suprayogo, N.Khasanah and M. van Noordwijk L Litter layer, population density of earthworm and soil macroporosity UNIV. BRAWIJAYA

Land Cover in East Java (Malang) Land Cover in Sumatra (West Lampung)

stem-flow through-fall rainfall cloud interception lateral outflow percolation recharge infiltrasi surface evaporation transpiration canopy water evaporation uptake Quick flow base flow { surface run-on sub- surface lateral inflow surface run-off Flow: tree Soil Hydrology function of ‘forest’: lanscape ?

ForestAgriculture: Monoculture / Polyculture Decomposition & Mineralisation Water Quality Run - off Other macrofauna Earthworm SOM Macroporosity & Water Infiltration Thickness of Surface Litter Slope and rainfall Protection to soil surface

Reduced Run-off IF: 1. Good and long soil cover ~ Litter thickness, slowly decomposed litter 2.High soil roughness ~ branches, understorey 3.Good water infiltration ~ enough soil macro pore

Purpose 1. Litter Litter Input Decomposition 2. Worm Population density Biomass 3. Soil Macroporosity Infiltration

West Lampung Malang SUMATRA JAVA

2.Multistrata coffee 3. Shaded coffee 1.Forest 4.Monoculture Coffee Survey

1.Litterfall 2.Prunning Do litter composition of LUS differs one to another?

Annual Litter Input in Sumatra

LUS Litterfall Mg ha -1 yr -1 NLP (L+P)/N % Forest Multistrata C Shaded C Monoculture C Annual Litter input and its quality of various LUS in Java (L+P)/N > 10 low quality  slow decompose (Van Lauwe et al, 1997)

D ECOMPOSITION RATE OF LITTER

Cast production weekly observed Measurement of Earthworm

Klitelum Dominant Spesies in Indonesian Agriculture : Pontoscolex corethrurus Prostomium Seta cocon Genetal pore & TP Anterior Taken by: Dewi Taken by: Fragoso Total: 11 species

Earthworm population Number anecic + endogeic Forest: Amynthas gracillis & Peryonix excavatus (bigger size) Coffee based: Dichogaster bolaui (smaller size)

(Lavelle, 1997) (Van Noordwijk, 1985) Role of Earthworm and Roots on Macropore

Soil Macro porosity measurement (Methylen Blue), Feb. 2008

Macropore in- vertical plane Coffee monoculture Imperata grassland Coffee-based Agroforestry Forest 100 cm 30 cm 20 % 8 % 6 % 12 %

Measurement of water infiltration

Macroporosity and Infiltration

Earthworm (Pontoscolex) vs Soil porosity

Macropore = 0.78 Roots – 15.6 B/P non-Pontoscolex Litter thickness (R 2 = 0.98**)  Managing Crop Diversity is the key factor for maintaining Soil macropore Litter, earthworm, roots and Macropore Dewi et al., 2006)

Worm size+population Worm Biomass SOM LITTER LAYER Litter Input (various shade trees in AF coffee based systems) Worm Activity Macro pore “SoilStructDyn” (as a part of WaNuLCAS model) Van Noordwijk et al, 2005

LUS Surface litter, Mg ha -1 C org relative to C org forest, % Macropore, % Earthworm Biomass, g m -2 MSMSMSMS Forest Multistrata Shaded Monokultur e Estimation of “SoilStruct Dyn” Modelling

1.Better litter layer improved soil macroporosity and Water infiltration 2.Improvement of macroporosity in AF ~ 2.Improvement of macroporosity in AF ~ Size of Earthworms (anecic group) 3.A combination of trees with slowly decomposing litter  protect the soil surface, and trees with deep root systems  create macroporosity

This activity was funded by ACIAR- ICRAF S.E. Asia, Ministry of Education (DIKTI- A2 Program) and CIFOR - Tropical Forest and Climate Change Adaptation (TroFCCA) project