C HAPTER 20 Classification

Binomial Nomenclature Basic group used for identifying organisms is the species. Carolus Linneaus began giving every species its own unique binomial (two word) name. The first word was the genus, the second word was the species. Example: Homo sapiens -- Homo = genus, sapiens =species

Taxonomy Taxonomy – the branch of biology concerned with the classifications of organisms. Organisms are classified in a hierarchy of larger and more inclusive categories.

Most Inclusive  Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Least Inclusive  Species Kings Play Cards On Fat Green Stools

Taxon – a group of organisms defined by the classification scheme. Example: class, species

Five Kingdoms Prokaryotae Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia

Dichotomous Key A way of determining the identity of an organism.

It is a list of questions that are answered yes or no. The answer tells you which question to go to.

Our specimen: long stem, large green leaves, pink flowers, small brown thorns. 1. a. specimen has a long stem – go to 3 b. specimen does not have long stem – go to 2 2. a. specimen has large orange flowers – go to 6. b. specimen has no large orange flowers – go to a. specimen has large green leaves – go to 4. b. specimen does not have large green leaves–go to 9.

4. a. specimen has pink flowers – go to 5 b. specimen has no pink flowers – go to 7 5. a. specimen has brown thorns – R osaciea carnicovia b. specimen has no brown thorns – go to 10

1. Leaves usually without teeth or lobes: 2 1. Leaves usually with teeth or lobes: 5 2. Leaves evergreen: 3 2. Leaves not evergreen: 4 3. Mature plant a large tree — Southern live oak Quercus virginianaSouthern live oak 3. Mature plant a small shrub — Quercus minima

4. Leaf narrow, about 4-6 times as long as broad — Willow oak Quercus phellos Willow oak 4. Leaf broad, about 2-3 times as long as broad — Shingle oak Quercus imbricaria Shingle oak 5. Lobes or teeth bristle-tipped: 6 5. Lobes or teeth rounded or blunt-pointed, no bristles: 7

6. Leaves mostly with 3 lobes — Blackjack oak Quercus marilandica Blackjack oak 6. Leaves mostly with 7-9 lobes — Northern red oak Quercus rubra Northern red oak 7. Leaves with 5-9 deep lobes — White oak Quercus albaWhite oak 7. Leaves with shallow lobes — Swamp chestnut oak Quercus prinus Swamp chestnut oak