Laboratory Diagnosis Microscopic ex Virus cultivation Serological tests Detection of N/A

Virus cultivation   Laboratory animal  Embryonated egg  Cell culture

Embryonated Egg System

1) Chorioallantoic membrane inoculation CAM Allantoic Fluid Yolk sac Amniotic Fluid Air sac Albumin

2) Allantoic inoculation Yolk sac Allantoic fluid CAM Air sac Amniotic Fluid

3) Amniotic inoculation Air sac Yolk sac Amniotic Fluid Allantoic Fluid CAM

4) Yolk sac inoculation Air sac Yolk sac Albumin

Cell culture No of sub passages Primary C/C 1 or 2 1 or 2 Diploid C/C [semicontinuous] 20 to to 50 Continuous cell line Indefinite Indefinite

Variation in Sensitivity of cell cultures to infection by viruses commonly isolated in clinical virology laboratories Virus Cell culture a PMK HDF HEp-2 RNA virus DNA virus Enterovirus Rhinovirus Influenza virus RSV Adenovirus HSV VZV CMV / PMK, primary MK. Degree of sensitivity: +++, highly sensitive;++, moderately sensitive; +, low sensitivity; +/-, variable; -, not sensitive

VIRAL CULTURE PROCDURE  Processing of the specimen  Inoculation onto the C/C  Maintenance of the inoculated C/C  Detection of viral growth

VIRAL CULTURE PROCDURE  Processing of the specimen

Inoculation onto the C/C

Detection of viral growth  Cytopathic effects  Comprise;  Rounding, shrinkage, aggregation & loss of adherence & loss of adherence  Giant cell formation  Inclusion bodies formation

 Rounding, shrinkage, aggregation & loss of adherence & loss of adherence Uninfected ccCell rounding

Syncytium formation Uninfected ccCell roundingSyncytium

Inclusion bodies formation Inclusion bodies formation

IDENTIFICATION  Presumptive ID  Characteristic CPE  Type of cells  Time taken  Final ID  IF

Detection of viral replication  CPE  Hemadsorption  Interference  EM

Not infected cells Vero cells McCoy cells Human diploid fibroblast

Cytopathic effects  Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies  Intranuclear inclusion bodies  Giant cell formation

Cytopathic effects  Vero cells infected with Measles virus stained by H & E  Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies

Cytopathic effects  Vero cells infected with Measles virus stained by H & E  Giant cell formation

Cytopathic effects  Vero cells infected Herpes viruses stained by H&E  Intranuclear inclusion bodies

Not-infected Not-infected CC

Giant cell formation

Intranuclear inclusion bodies

عن أبي هريره رضي الله عنه عن أبي هريره رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم قال : أن رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم قال : { كلمتان خفيفتان على اللسان, ثقيلتان في الميزان حبيبتان إلي الرحمن : { كلمتان خفيفتان على اللسان, ثقيلتان في الميزان حبيبتان إلي الرحمن : سبحان الله وبحمده, سبحان الله وبحمده, سبحان الله العظيم } سبحان الله العظيم }