UK – history, London Autor: Autor: Ing. Vladimír Havlík Autor je výhradním tvůrcem materiálu. Datum vytvoření: Datum vytvoření: Klíčová slova Klíčová slova: the USA – history, London Anotace: Anotace: prezentace je určena na získání základních znalostí o historii a hlavním městě Spojeného království Velké Británie a Severního Irska. Ve zpracovaném materiálu jsou také cvičení k procvičení.

Způsob využití: Způsob využití: určeno pro výklad a procvičení základních znalostí o historii a hlavním městě Spojeného království Velké Británie a Severního Irska. Tyto znalosti je možno využít u maturity z anglického jazyka na středních školách. Číslo šablony Číslo šablony: VY_32_INOVACE_ANJ_10

UK – history, London HISTORY  The first inhabitants5000 BC Celts.  The first inhabitants came to Britain about 5000 BC. They were the small groups of the hunters. Next villagers came to Britain from Europe in the Bronze Age. They were the tribes of Celts.  In 55 BC the Romans came to Britain Hadrian´s Wall  In 55 BC the Romans came to Britain, they built roads and forts (tvrze, pevnosti) throughout the land. The most famous is Hadrian´s Wall, which stood up against the invasion of Celtic tribes. It lies across England near the Scottish border. Romans brought Christianity to Britain.

UK – history, London HISTORY  In the 5th century the Germanic tribes  In the 5th century the Germanic tribes of the Angles, Saxons and Jutes came and pushed the Celts. William the Conqueror  One of the most important kings was William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy, who defeated King Harold in the Battle of Hastings. He established a strong central government and appointed Norman nobleman to high positions. He made London the capital town and built the Tower of London. In this time the Norman and Anglo-Saxon language and customs merged (propojily).

UK – history, London HISTORY  In 1215 King John  In 1215 King John signed the Magna Charta and in the 13th century the parliamentary system developed. the Hundred Years’ War  Between 1338 and 1453 there was the Hundred Years’ War against France.  The War of Roses  The War of Roses was a civil war between the House (rodem) of Lancaster (red rose) and the House of York (white rose). Henry VIII  The other famous sovereign (panovník) was Henry VIII. He became king in 17 years. He had six wives. His three children were Mary, Elizabeth and Edward.

UK – history, London HISTORY  In 1603the Scottish King James VI  In 1603 the Scottish King James VI became King James I of England and both countries were linked.  From 1642 to 1649Oliver Cromwell  From 1642 to 1649, there was a Civil War and Oliver Cromwell declared England a republic.  18th century  18th century – Britain and France had been bitter rivals in the race to conquer the world. In 1759, British victories in West Africa, the West Indies, and on the battlefields of Europe, India and Quebec established the British Empire ‘on which the sun never set’.

UK – history, London HISTORY  19th century  19th century ‑ France and Spain still troubled the British at sea, but their fleet was defeated by Admiral Nelson at the Battle of Trafalgar in  Napoleon lost at Waterloo in 1815 and Britain continued her colonial expansion.  The Industrial Revolution The Victorian Era  The Industrial Revolution fuelled the continued prosperity of Britain. The Victorian Era from 1837 (named after the reign of Queen Victoria), continued this period of stability and economic growth. Twenty years after her death, in 1921, Ireland declared independence.

UK – history, London LONDONCharacteristic:  London  London is the capital of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It lies on the river Themes.  Almost 9 million people live in London and over 15 million in its conurbation (městské aglomeraci). the Monarch the Parliamentthe Governmentthe Supreme Court  London is the seat (sídlo) of the Monarch (panovníka), the Parliament, the Government and the Supreme Court (nejvyššího soudu) etc.  The Prime Meridian (nultý poledník) of the World runs across Greenwich in east London.

UK – history, London LONDONHistory:  The first inhabitants were the Celts in 800 BC. Then the place was occupied by the Romans in 55 BC and in 43 BC they established the Roman Londonium there. After the Romans left, this city remained (zůstalo) the capital for the Britons.  In the 12 th centurythe royal court (královský dvůr) from Winchester to London.  In the 12 th century Norman Kings moved the royal court (královský dvůr) from Winchester to London.  In the 16 th century  In the 16 th century the trading companies and the Royal Exchange (burza s cen. papíry, původní před Stock Exchange) were established there. This seriously contributed (přispělo) to the rise of London.

UK – history, London CVIČENÍ Choose the correct answer: 1.Christianity was brought to Britain by………. a)Celts b)Saxons c)Romans d)Angles 2.The winner in the Battle of Hastings was………. a)King Hadrian b)King Harold c)King Henry VIII d)King William the Conqueror

UK – history, London CVIČENÍ You will not use all information Fill in the gaps with information from the ellipse below the text to get correct statements. You will not use all information there. a)……….. built the Tower of London. b)The Scottish King James VI became King James I of England in ………. c)France and Spain fleet was defeated by ……….. at the Battle of Trafalgar in d)Ireland declared independence in ……... Los Angeles William the Conqueror Queen Victoria 1603 Oliver Cromwell Admiral Nelson 1837

Zpracoval: Ing. Vladimír Havlík Bibliografie:   