What is Grid Computing System Virtualization of distributed computing and data resources such as processing, network bandwidth and storage capacity to create a single system image individual users can access computers and data transparently, without having to consider location, operating system, account administration, and other details. Users essentially sees a single, large virtual computer In grid computing, the details are abstracted, and the resources are virtualized. Is based on an open set of standards and protocols, e.g., Open Grid Services Architecture (OGSA) that enable communication across heterogeneous, geographically dispersed environments. With grid computing, organizations can optimize computing and data resources, pool them for large capacity workloads, share them across networks and enable collaboration. "virtual supercomputer" by using –spare computing resources within an organization. –a network of geographically dispersed computers

Grid Computing System INTERNET Grid Computing Layer

Types of Grid Computing Systems The Heavy-weight, feature-rich systems that tend to concern themselves primarily with providing access to large-scale, intra- and inter-institutional resources such as clusters or multiprocessors. Grid systems developed using the Globus Toolkit are examples of this class. The Desktop Grid, in which cycles are scavenged from idle desktop computers. The Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC), a descendant of the project, is an example of middleware for public Desktop Grid computing, as it harnesses resources that exist outside of institutional control. The hybrid BOINC- and Globus-based Grid systems to inter-operate and thus provides a means for Globus-based computational Grids to incorporate a much greater range of resources. –Decreasing the startup cost for new Desktop Grid computing projects, it makes Desktop Grids a viable option for a broader range of projects, and provides to Desktop Grids features inherent in Globus (e.g., authentication, authorization, file transfer).

The Anatomy of the Grid Need to study in detail and present content from the paper: The Anatomy of the Grid: Enabling Scalable Virtual Organizations. I. Foster, C. Kesselman, S. Tuecke. International J. Supercomputer Applications, 15(3), 2001.

Globus Tookit Grid Computing Layer (Middleware) development toolkit The Globus® Toolkit is an open source software toolkit used for building grids. It is being developed by the Globus Alliance and many others all over the world. includes software for security, information infrastructure, resource management, data management, communication, fault detection, and portability. Packaged as a set of components that can be used either independently or together to develop applications. Grid Resource Allocation and Management (GRAM) protocol and its gatekeeper (factory) service; these provide for the secure and reliable creation and management of arbitrary computations, termed transient service instances Grid Security Infrastructure (GSI), which supports single sign on, delegation, and credential mapping. A two-phase commit protocol is used for reliable invocation Meta Directory Service (MDS-2), which provides for information discovery through soft-state registration, data modeling, and a local registry

Globus Toolkit Components

Globus Toolkit Components (continued) More to come. Need to study Globus Toolkit Version 4: Software for Service-Oriented Systems. I. Foster. IFIP International Conference on Network and Parallel Computing, Springer-Verlag LNCS 3779, pp 2-13, 2006.

Grid Computing And SOA To be continued. Need to study Service-Oriented Science. I. Foster. Science, vol. 308, May 6, 2005.

Examples of Grid Services

Planned Grid Connectivity Bluegrit Matisse Lattice Grid Sura Grid BowieCollege Park 1150 CPUs, including 80 x86 node cluster 224 XServe blades UMBC HyperWall 6CPUs/12screens 12 Institutions Globus Toolkit/Condor Websphere App. Server Rationale S/W Lambda Ram National Lambda Rail(NLR) NL R Fiber +900 cpu’s

GSU UAB USC ULL TAMU UFL OleMiss Tulane UArk TTU SC LSU GPN ODU UNCC NCState Vanderbilt UAH UMich UKY UVA TACC GMU SURAgrid Participants (As of April 2006) = SURA Member = Resources on-grid UMD Bowie State

Lattice Grid What is: –The Lattice Project is an attempt to effectively share computational resources among departments and institutions, starting with those in the University System of Maryland. –The Grid is focused on computation, and we have not yet made efforts to enable large-scale data access, storage, or replication. Grid Software –make heavy use of the Globus Toolkit, which forms the backbone of our Grid system. It provides mechanisms for job submission, file transfer, and authentication and authorization of Grid entities, to name a few things. –have also done extensive work with BOINC, which enables public participation in the Grid and represents a potentially huge resource. We have developed software that allows Globus, (and hence our Grid system), to submit jobs to a BOINC pool. –work with scheduling software, such as Condor and PBS, that controls local resources. Such software is being deployed where it is most appropriate.

Near Term Bluegrit Design Hardware: 1 Intel based head node 1 Intel based storage server 33 2-Proc. JS20 blades(2.2GHz +.5GB) 14 4-Proc. JS21 blades(2.5GHz +2GB) 5.4 TB of shared storage 1.3 TB of node storage Operating System: Red Hat Enterprise 4 Linux Network: 10 Gb external connection to College Park 1 Gb Ethernet interconnect 100 Mb external connection Storage Head node JS20 Blades UMBC Network JS21 Blades College Park 10 Gb

Future Bluegrit Potentials  5 Available Chassis with 70 blade slots  Add Cell blade architecture for future computing  Upgrade interconnects between chassis/blades  Increase RAM availability  Build Out Campus Grid