Practical Application of Phiten Products in Sports Field ~Effective Usage of Tape and Lotion for Specific Symptoms~ Thank you very much for sharing time for this seminar as “PRACTICAL Application of Phiten Products in Sports Field”. We hope you get fruitful knowledge which may lead further success of your daily care to local customers through my presentation. Toady, I, Toshi Kawake, would like to take this part of presentation. I have worked as Athletic Trainer in U.S. in the license of ATC of National Athletic Trainer’s Organization. Through my experience having cared many athletes and faced against a variety of injuries, I want to present fundamentals of sports injuries and intermediate techniques of care with tape and lotion. At earlier parts, I would like to brief basic terminology of body and types of injuries. At later parts, practical application of tape and lotion will be shown by specific sports injury typically found in the field. By Toshi Kawake, ATC

1. Major Goals of Phiten Products Better Condition Benefit Improvement Prevention Enhancement Prevention Enhancement Normal Condition Prevention Here, most of you have already studied about these basic benefits of Phiten products. We may see three major goals of Phiten products as improvement, prevention and enhancement. We put the image of these benefits here. As you see, Improvement is a recovery from bad condition to normal one. Prevention itself does not make any remarkable performance at instance, however, very important benefit for body care. It avoids to go to bad condition, not only from normal condition but also keeping better condition. Enhancement is a benefit carrying normal condition onto better one. For this seminar, we will see mainly how to treat sports injury, then, Improvement is the most important benefit among them. Improvement Injury - Disease

2. Anatomical Terminology Bone Ligament(Bone to bone) Joint(ROM) Muscle(Agonist/ Antagonist) Tendon(Bone to Muscle) In this section, you can see basic terminology about relative anatomy. Please watch this illustration. Do all of you know clear definition of these words? Bone is frame of body, all of you are sure. Ligament is soft tissue connecting between bone and bone. Joint is axis of body’s motion. This is also very common word. Every joint has a certain range of motion, we can say ROM. Range of motion represents flexibility of motion, but must be appropriately limited. Extra large range of motion may lead injury sometimes or a result of a certain injury. Muscle is a tissue and a key organ which produces movement of body. (With gesture)As you know, when muscle is contracted, for example, leg or arm is moved around joint as an axis. Not only main contracted muscle but also other muscles are working to keep posture of movement to support with eccentric load. We say main concentric muscle as agonist and supporting eccentric muscle as antagonist. Lastly tendon is a soft tissue connecting between bone and muscle. (pointing illustration) You may see each organ here.

3. Cause of Injury Internal Factor ex. Over capability of individual External Factor ex. Stress from other Individual * No matter how much attention is directed toward the general principles of injury prevention, the nature of participation in sports dictates that sooner or later injury will occur. The cause may come from either internal or external factors. Causes of injury come from either internal factor or external one. Internal factor normally stands on rather habitual accumulation or environment. It is, for example, over capability of individual. If athlete is trained by too much work out not suitable to his capability, muscle or ligament is harmed little by little every day. Or if inappropriate posture of posture like throwing ball or turning direction in daily training, joint or tendon may be harmed by such accumulated damages. External factor comes from physical impact in training or game. It is for example hard attack from counter team player. In other words, everywhere are factors of injury in sports. (read*…. In the page)

4.-1 Type of Injury - Acute Acute Sprain(Ligament Tear Injury) Strain(Muscle or Tendon Tear Injury) Dislocation(Joint Injury) Fracture(Bone Injury) We go forward to type of injury. First one is acute one. Sprain is a ligament tear injury. Strain is a muscle or tendon tear injury. Both sprain and strain are damage on tissue. As shown in illustration, there are 3 degrees of damages. First is minor one just a stretching status of tissue. Second is partial tear of tissue. Third is complete tear, very severe damage to recover completely. Dislocation is inappropriate disposition of joint bone. A partial dislocation is called as subluxation. Fracture is a bone injury. (read *… in the page) Normal 1 Minor 2 Partial Tear 3 Complete Tear * Acute injuries are caused by trauma. These acute injuries may cause chronic injuries if not healed for long term.

4.-2 Type of Injury – Chronic Overuse Injury/ Syndrome * Chronic injuries can result from overuse as would occur with the repetitive dynamics of running, throwing, or jumping. * On the way of healing, inflammation may occur. It is supposed to be an acute process that ends when its role in healing process has been accomplished. However, if the source of irritation(e.g., the repetitive movements that cause stress to the tendon etc.) is not removed, then the inflammatory process becomes chronic rather than acute. Injury may occur other than physical impact to body like acute injuries which I presented in the last page. Chronic injury is also a terrible menace for sports players. (read *… in the page)

5. Applications Sprain Strain Dislocation Overuse Injury/ Syndrome Ankle Sprain(Lateral[Outside] Ligament) Knee Sprain(Lateral Ligament) Strain 3) Quadriceps 4) Hamstrings Dislocation 5) Shoulder Overuse Injury/ Syndrome 6) Shin Splint(Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome) 7) Tennis Elbow(Lateral Epicondylitis) I hope that everyone got clearly for overview of terminology and injuries. Now, we want to proceed to application by specific injury. (in pointing body part, explaining each injury with comment “ankle sprain as the most frequent sprain injury part or Shoulder dislocation as occurring often in throwing sports like baseball etc.”)

1) Ankle Sprain [Sprain #1] Power tape Roll tape Stretch direction Lotion Site of Injury (demonstrate taping & lotion, then explain meaning of each positioning with characteristics of injury.)

2) Knee Sprain [Sprain #2] Power tape Roll tape Stretch direction Lotion Site of Injury (demonstrate taping & lotion, then explain meaning of each positioning with characteristics of injury.)

3)Quadriceps [Strain #1] 4) Hamstrings [Strain #2] Power tape Roll tape Stretch direction Lotion Site of Injury (demonstrate taping & lotion, then explain meaning of each positioning with characteristics of injury.)

5) Shoulder [Dislocation #1] Anterior Posterior Power tape (demonstrate taping & lotion, then explain meaning of each positioning with characteristics of injury.) Roll tape Stretch direction Lotion Site of Injury Side

6) Shin Splint [Overuse injury/ Syndrome #1] Power tape Roll tape Stretch direction Lotion Site of Injury (demonstrate taping & lotion, then explain meaning of each positioning with characteristics of injury.)

7) Tennis Elbow [Overuse injury/ Syndrome #2] Power tape Roll tape Stretch direction Lotion Site of Injury (demonstrate taping & lotion, then explain meaning of each positioning with characteristics of injury.)