Section 3 The Cell Cycle Date__________

Human Cheek Cells… What are 3 reasons your body should be growing more cheek cells as we are talking ?

The life cycle of a cell is called the : As puppies grow, they go through stages Cells pass through different stages too

In Prokaryotic Cells… Cell division in bacteria is called Cell division in bacteria is called Which means splitting into two parts Which means splitting into two parts The circular DNA is copied and each new cell gets one copy

Diagram showing binary fission: c cir

THERE IS MORE DNA THAN IN PROKARYOTIC CELLS DNA IS PACKAGED IN CHROMOSOMES Chromosomes contain both DNA and protein Cell Division in Eukaryotic cells is called:

HUMANS HAVE 46 CHROMOSOMES THERE ARE 23 PAIRS ARE INHERITED, ONE FROM EACH PARENT PAIRS OF SIMILAR CHROMOSOMES ARE CALLED HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES They have the same genes and the same shape or structure Chromosome important facts:

THESE ARE HUMAN CHROMOSOMES

Diagram of human chromosomes:

Potato cells have 48 Fruit fly cells have 8 Elephants cells have 56 A type of ant has 54 A watermelon cell has 2 E. Coli bacteria has 1 Corn plant cells have 10

Video clip….tap here.

Mitosis Is the process of “chromosome separation” Is the process of “chromosome separation” Goal is to ensure that each new cell gets a copy of each chromosome Goal is to ensure that each new cell gets a copy of each chromosome

At the beginning of the cycle: THE CELL GROWS AND COPIES ITS ORGANELLES AND CHROMOSOMES AFTER EACH CHROMOSOME IS COPIED, THE TWO COPIES ARE CALLED CHROMATIDS

CHROMATIDS ARE HELD TOGETHER AT A REGION CALLED THE CENTROMERE

A look at mitosis at Cells Alive! !Cells Alive! !

PHASES of the Cell Cycle: aka: IPMAT INTERPHASE INTERPHASE PROPHASE

real mitosis movie ! METAPHASEmovie METAPHASEmoviemovie ANAPHASE ANAPHASE TELOPHASE TELOPHASE

CYTOKINESIS Happens at the end of the cell cycle. The cytoplasm splits in half forming two identical new cells. Happens at the end of the cell cycle. The cytoplasm splits in half forming two identical new cells. In plant cells a cell plate forms and makes the new cell membrane that will separate the new cells. In plant cells a cell plate forms and makes the new cell membrane that will separate the new cells.

SUMMARY OF CELL CYCLE 1.CELL GROWS AND DUPLICATES CHROMOSOMES 1.CELL GROWS AND DUPLICATES CHROMOSOMES 2. MITOSIS 2. MITOSIS 3.CYTOKINESIS 3.CYTOKINESIS