1. The smallest living unit is a _____. A. proton B. molecule C. cell D. tissue

2. All cells come from preexisting cells. True False ___

3. All living organisms are multicellular. True False ___

4. A large cell has more surface area to volume than a small cell 4. A large cell has more surface area to volume than a small cell. True False ___

5. The surface area of a cell _____. A 5. The surface area of a cell _____. A. must be large enough to allow adequate nutrients to enter B. may be increased by modifications of the plasma membrane C. must be of adequate size to allow for waste disposal D. all of the above ___

6. The smallest cells are _____. A. viruses B. bacterial C. animal D 6. The smallest cells are _____. A. viruses B. bacterial C. animal D. plant ___

7. The magnification capability of a transmission electron microscope is much greater than that of a light microscope. True False ___

8. Bacterial cells are easily seen without a microscope. True False ___

9. Which of the following is NOT a feature of bacterial cells. A 9. Which of the following is NOT a feature of bacterial cells? A. cell wall B. plasma membrane C. nucleus D. ribosomes ___

10. Photosynthetic bacteria (cyanobacteria) contain ______. A 10. Photosynthetic bacteria (cyanobacteria) contain ______. A. chloroplasts B. thylakoids C. mitochondria D. centrioles ___

11. Bacteria are prokaryotic cells, which means that they lack a nucleus. True False ___

12. Bacterial cells do not contain DNA. True False ___

13. Protein synthesis in a bacterial cell is done by _____. A 13. Protein synthesis in a bacterial cell is done by _____. A. ribosomes B. centrioles C. flagella D. thylakoids ___

14. Motile bacteria move by means of ______. A. cilia B. plasmids C 14. Motile bacteria move by means of ______. A. cilia B. plasmids C. flagella D. pseudopods ___

15. The DNA of a bacteria is located in the _____. A. nucleoid B 15. The DNA of a bacteria is located in the _____. A. nucleoid B. mitochondria C. ribosomes D. nucleolus ___

16. Bacterial cells may have accessory rings of DNA called plasmids 16. Bacterial cells may have accessory rings of DNA called plasmids. True False ___

17. The regulation of molecule movement in and out of the cell is done by the _____. A. capsule B. plasma membrane C. cell wall D. nucleoid ___

18. In photosynthetic bacteria (cyanobacteria) the light-sensitive pigments are found in chloroplasts. True False ___

19. The outermost boundary of prokaryotic cells is their _____. A 19. The outermost boundary of prokaryotic cells is their _____. A. plasma membrane B. nuclear envelope C. cytoplasm D. cell wall ___

20. The simple structure of bacteria limits where they can live and what material they can use for energy. True False ___

21. The DNA of eukaryotic cells is contained within a true nucleus 21. The DNA of eukaryotic cells is contained within a true nucleus. True False ___

22. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum has attached ribosomes. True False ___

23. The organized lattice of protein filaments inside the eukaryotic cell is known as the _____. A. cytoskeleton B. cell wall C. RER D. Golgi apparatus ___

24. Which of the following is found only in plant cells? A. ribosomes B. mitochondria C. centrioles D. chloroplasts ___

25. The post office could be used as an analogy for the _____ because of its processing, packaging and distribution functions. A. plasma membrane B. Golgi apparatus C. chloroplast D. nucleolus ___

26. Which of the following has a cell wall. A. plant cell B 26. Which of the following has a cell wall? A. plant cell B. bacterial cell C. animal cell D. both A and B ___

27. The contents of an animal cell are separated from its environment by the _____. A. plasma membrane B. cell wall C. nuclear envelope D. SER ___

28. The cell wall of a plant cell cannot be distinguished from the cell wall of a bacterial cell. True False ___

29. The endosymbiotic hypothesis attempts to explain _____. A 29. The endosymbiotic hypothesis attempts to explain _____. A. the origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria B. how cells reproduce C. how photosynthesis occurs D. the differences between plant and animal cells ___

30. Which of the following supports the endosymbiotic hypothesis. A 30. Which of the following supports the endosymbiotic hypothesis? A. The shape and size of mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar to bacteria's. B. Mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA is a circular loop like that of bacteria. C. Mitochondrial and chloroplast ribosomes resemble those of bacteria. D. all of the above ___

31. Some scientists believe mitochondria and chloroplasts may have been bacteria that were engulfed by a larger cell. True False ___

32. Chromatin contains __________. A. DNA B. protein C. RNA D 32. Chromatin contains __________. A. DNA B. protein C. RNA D. all of the above ___

33. All types of _____ are produced in the nucleus. A. proteins B 33. All types of _____ are produced in the nucleus. A. proteins B. carbohydrates C. RNA D. lipids ___

34. The _____ participates in ribosome synthesis and is found in the nucleus A. plasma membrane B. SER C. Golgi apparatus D. nucleolus ___

35. The nuclear envelope does not allow anything to enter or exit the nucleus. True False ___

36. Ribosomes are found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. True False ___

37. Ribosomes are found _____. A. within the cytosol B 37. Ribosomes are found _____. A. within the cytosol B. attached to endoplasmic reticulum C. in the nucleus D. both A and B ___

38. Ribosomes _____. A. synthesize proteins B. contain the DNA C 38. Ribosomes _____. A. synthesize proteins B. contain the DNA C. synthesize lipids D. store hydrolytic enzymes ___

39. Which of the following is a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? A. steroid synthesis B. solar energy absorption C. enzyme synthesis D. ATP synthesis ___

40. Proteins are modified, sorted and packaged by the _________. A 40. Proteins are modified, sorted and packaged by the _________. A. plasma membrane B. mitochondria C. Golgi apparatus D. SER ___

41. Plant cells are supported by their cell wall and a central vacuole 41. Plant cells are supported by their cell wall and a central vacuole. True False ___

42. Bacteria that are engulfed by a white blood cell will be destroyed by hydrolytic enzymes inside ________________. A. ribosomes B. lysosomes C. chloroplasts D. centrioles ___

43. A plant's leaf cell can be distinguished from other cells by the large number of _____ it contains. A. chloroplasts B. centrioles C. nuclei D. plasmids ___

44. Chloroplasts will be found in _____. A. plant cells B 44. Chloroplasts will be found in _____. A. plant cells B. algal cells C. animal cells D. both A and B ___

45. Solar energy is used to synthesize carbohydrates in the mitochondria. True False ___

46. Chlorophyll, the pigment that captures the sun's energy, is found in the _____. A. stroma B. thylakoids C. cristae D. matrix ___

47. The energy in carbohydrates is transformed into ATP in the _____. A. mitochondria B. nucleus C. Golgi apparatus D. chloroplasts ___

48. Skeletal muscle cells will have a large number of _____ due to their high demand for energy. A. chloroplasts B. lysosomes C. flagella D. mitochondria ___

49. The large surface area needed for the participants in cellular respiration is provided by the _____ of the mitochondria. A. stroma B. thylakoids C. cristae D. matrix ___

50. Plant and algal cells have chloroplasts and mitochondria 50. Plant and algal cells have chloroplasts and mitochondria. True False ___

51. Our bones and muscles are comparable to a cell's _____. A 51. Our bones and muscles are comparable to a cell's _____. A. nucleus B. plasma membrane C. cytoskeleton D. lysosomes ___

52. Mitochondria are able to synthesize some of the proteins needed for cellular respiration with their own DNA and ribosomes. True False ___

53. Sperm cells move by means of _______. A. flagella B. cilia C 53. Sperm cells move by means of _______. A. flagella B. cilia C. pseudopods D. actin filaments ___

54. Debris that is trapped in mucus is moved away from the lungs toward the throat by _____. A. flagella B. cilia C. pseudopods D. actin filaments ___

55. Plant and fungal cells contain centrioles. True False ___

56. The cytoskeleton of the cell functions to ________________. A 56. The cytoskeleton of the cell functions to ________________. A. maintain cell shape B. anchor organelles C. allow organelles to move D. all of the above ___

57. Actin filaments interact with motor molecules to create movement of the cell. True False ___

58. Which of the following will NOT be found in abundance in an insulin producing pancreas cell? A. RER B. Golgi apparatus C. chloroplasts D. ribosomes ___

59. Prokaryotes are the least adaptable and least successful forms of life on earth. True False ___

60. Prokaryotic cells are highly compartmentalized. True False ___