Cells: Plants and Animals
1.Overview of Cells 2.Differences Between Plant and Animal Cells 3.Cells Organization within the Body 4.Tissue Overview Cells: Plants and Animals
Cells in cork walled boxes that are similar to tiny rooms, or cellula, occupied by monks = "cell.“ Cells in a plant How Cells Were Named Cells in an animal
Cell Size
Cells Contain Organelles
Comparing Animal and Plant Cells Animal Cell Plant Cell Variety of Shapes One or more small vacuoles Centrioles Lysosomes Often have cilia or flagella Cell Membrane Cytoplasm ER (smooth and rough) Ribosomes Mitochondria Golgi apparatus Nucleus Cell Wall Rectangular One large, central vacuole Plastids Chloroplasts Rarely have cilia or flagella
Comparing Animal and Plant Cells Animal Cell Plant Cell Variety of Shapes One or more small vacuoles Centrioles Lysosomes Often have cilia or flagella Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Mitochondria Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Apparatus Cell Wall Rectangular One large, central vacuole Plastids Chloroplasts Rarely have cilia or flagella
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Double layer of phospholipids controls the flow of water Animal Cell
Cell Membrane Electron Microscope Image of Rickettsia felis Animal Cells
Cell Membrane Electron Microscope Image of a Pollen Tube of an Orange Bush Monkey Flower Plant Cell
Animal Cell Plant Cell Surrounded by double membrane Holds DNA Involved in cell division
Nucleus Electron Microscope Image of a White Blood Cell Animal Cell
Plant Cell Make energy for the cell Can be different shapes Surrounded by a double membrane
Mitochondrion Electron Microscope Image of a Plant Cell Plant Cell
Animal Cell Plant Cell Different functions depending on cell type Produces chemicals for the cell Controls the release of ions Collects proteins
Endoplasmic Reticulum Electron Microscope Image of a Cartilage Cell Animal Cell
Plant Cell Animal Cell Surrounded with a single membrane Packages substances to be transported
Animal Cell Golgi Electron Microscope Image of a Bone Marrow Cell
Comparing Animal and Plant Cells Animal Cell Plant Cell Variety of Shapes One or more small vacuoles Centrioles Lysosomes Often have cilia or flagella Cell Wall Rectangular One large, central vacuole Plastids Chloroplasts Rarely have cilia or flagella Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Mitochondria Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Apparatus
Comparing Animal and Plant Cells Animal Cell Plant Cell Variety of Shapes One or more small vacuoles Centrioles Lysosomes Often have cilia or flagella Cell Wall Rectangular One large, central vacuole Plastids Chloroplasts Rarely have cilia or flagella Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Mitochondria Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Apparatus
Membrane bound sac Intracellular digestion Release of cellular waste Generally small in animal cells Animal Cell
Vacuoles Electron Microscope Image of a Pancreatic Cell Animal Cell
Part of cytoskeleton of the cell Ring of nine groups of fused microtubules Groups of three microtubles Plants do not have centrioles Animal Cell
Centriole Electron Microscope Image of a White Blood Cell Animal Cell
Contain enzymes necessary for intracellular digestion In white blood cells, these lysozymes digest bacteria Cause cell death if improperly released into cytoplasm Animal Cell
Electron Microscope Image of a Nerve Lysosome Animal Cell
Lysosome Electron Microscope Image of a Nerve Animal Cell
Lysosome Electron Microscope Image of a Nerve Animal Cell Lysosome
Rigid, protective cell wall Made of polysaccharides Provides and maintains shape of the cell Protective barrier Animal Cells do not have a cell wall Plant Cell
Electron Microscope Image of a Sunflower Leaf Plant Cell
Membrane bound sac Store nutrients and waste products Increase cell size during growth Generally large in plant cells Plant Cell
Central Vacuole Electron Microscope Image of a Guard Cell of a New Dawn Climbing Rose Plant Cell
Contain chlorophyll, which allows the plant to make energy from sunlight Surrounded by a double outer membrane Plant Cell
Chloroplast Electron Microscope Image of a Sugar Beet Plant Cell
Comparing Animal and Plant Cells Animal Cell Plant Cell Variety of Shapes One or more small vacuoles Centrioles Lysosomes Often have cilia or flagella Cell Wall Rectangular One large, central vacuole Rarely have lysosomes Plastids Chloroplasts Rarely have cilia or flagella Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Mitochondria Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Apparatus
More About Animal Cells SERTOLI CELLLEYDIG CELLNERVE CELL EGG PITUITARY CELL
Cells in Perspective
ORGAN – Two or more types of tissues; larger functional unit e.g., skin, kidney, intestine, blood vessels Cells in Perspective TISSUE – Groups of cells with same general function and texture (texture = tissue) e.g., muscle, nerve, epithelium, and connective tis. CELL – Smallest unit, Simplest animals consist of a single cell. ORGAN SYSTEM - Several organs e.g., respiratory, digestive, reproductive systems CELL TISSUE ORGAN SYSTEM
FOUR BASIC TYPES OF TISSUES IN THE BODY EpitheliumConnective tissue Muscular tissue Nervous tissue
Functions : Cover organs, line organs, blood vessels, and secretory cells of glands Epithelium
Function: binds the other tissues together to form organs include blood, cartilage, and bone Connective Tissue CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Function: generation of contractile force Distribution: Smooth – involuntary movements of organs, respiratory tract, blood vessels, uterus, etc. Cardiac – involuntary contractions of the heart Skeletal – voluntary movements, mostly associated with the skeleton Muscle
Nervous Tissue Functions: transmission, reception, and integration of electrical impulses Characteristics: neurons – very large excitable cells with long processes called axons and dendrites Glial cells – the supporting cells of nervous tissue Nerves – collections of neuronal processes bound together by connective tissue
FOUR BASIC TYPES OF TISSUES IN THE BODY EpitheliumConnective tissue Muscular tissue Nervous tissue
EPITHELIUM CONNECTIVE TISSUE MUSCULAR TISSUE NERVOUS TISSUE Where are these basic tissues located? Epithelium
EPITHELIUM CONNECTIVE TISSUE MUSCULAR TISSUE NERVOUS TISSUE Where are these basic tissues located? Epithelium
EPITHELIUM CONNECTIVE TISSUE MUSCULAR TISSUE NERVOUS TISSUE Where are these basic tissues located? Connective tissue
EPITHELIUM CONNECTIVE TISSUE MUSCULAR TISSUE NERVOUS TISSUE Where are these basic tissues located?
EPITHELIUM CONNECTIVE TISSUE MUSCULAR TISSUE NERVOUS TISSUE Where are these basic tissues located? Muscular tissue
EPITHELIUM CONNECTIVE TISSUE MUSCULAR TISSUE NERVOUS TISSUE Where are these basic tissues located? Muscular tissue
EPITHELIUM CONNECTIVE TISSUE MUSCULAR TISSUE NERVOUS TISSUE Where are these basic tissues located? NERVOUS TISSUE
EPITHELIUM CONNECTIVE TISSUE MUSCULAR TISSUE NERVOUS TISSUE Where are these basic tissues located? NERVOUS TISSUE
c-911c-0a2a968463aa c-911c-0a2a968463aa Plant Cells
40bb-90fc-74253b381d4e Normal Blood Cells
463b-ac84-68cb4e2d142e 463b-ac84-68cb4e2d142e Abnormal Blood Cells
Shapes of Epithelial Cells
8-acb7-4ef3-aa82-2bdd18f77dc6 8-acb7-4ef3-aa82-2bdd18f77dc6 Intestinal Cells
a12-3e73-4b15-a6fa-910ac47caf9f a12-3e73-4b15-a6fa-910ac47caf9f Eye Cells
1.Overview of Cells 2.Differences Between Plant and Animal Cells 3.Cells Organization within the Body 4.Tissue Overview Cells: Plants and Animals