Lesson 7.9 Chemiosmosis powers ATP synthesis in the light reasons Jill G. Jordan D. Missy F. Jeremiah J.

Chemiosmosis powers ATP synthesis in the light reasons 1. Chemiosmosis has to do with the understood energy that is produced from this equation that powers the plant with ATP. A. Process is analogous with that of cellular respiration’s electron transport system. I. Remember that the ATP synthase is powered by the concentration gradient of hydrogen ions across the membrane II. The ions are pumped in the opposite direction this time. This means they are pumped to the low concentration intermembrane space also called the stroma in plants

2. How it works A. You learn the path of electrons in chloroplasts by studying its ETC with all the photosystems and such B. This process creates the concentration gradient that drives chemiosmosis, the passing of H+ from high to low concentration through ATP synthase C. When the electrons go down the ETC, this energy creates an opportunity for a H+ ion to pass through the membrane unfaciltated D. To create the mass amounts of ATP, remaining H+ molecules in the thylakoid interior are shot through ATP synthase and into the stroma with ATP synthase

+ NADPH NADP+ + H20 O2 H+ 1/2 2 + H+ ADP + P ATP H+ Light Photosystem II Electron Transport Chain Photosystem I ATP Synthase Stroma (low H+ concentration) Thylakoid membrane H+

Photophosphorylation Oxidative Phosphorylation Chemiosmosis occurs in both processes to generate ATP Located in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast Located along the cr istae in the mitochondria Use the potential energy of a concentration gradient of hydrogen ions Hydrogen ions are pumped across the membrane from the stroma to the thylakoid space Hydrogen ions are pumped across the membrane from the intermembrane space into the mitochondrial matrix ATP synthase is present in both processes and is driven by the concentration gradient of hydrogen ions Chemiosmotic production of ATP is called photophosphorylation Chemisomotic production of ATP is called oxidative phosphorylation Initial energy input to produce ATP is light energy Initial energy input to produce ATP is glucose Chloroplast transforms light energy into chemical energy of ATP Mitochondria transfer chemical energy from food into ATP Final electron acceptor is NADP+ where they are stored at a high state of potential energy in NADPH Final electron acceptor is oxygen where they are stored at a low energy level in water ATP and NADPH produce during this process are used in the Calvin Cycle, the next process Product of both processes are ATP

Photophosphorylation Oxidative Phosphorylation Chemiosmosis occurs in both processes to generate ATP Located in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast Located along the cr istae in the mitochondria Use the potential energy of a concentration gradient of hydrogen ions Hydrogen ions are pumped across the membrane from the stroma to the thylakoid space Hydrogen ions are pumped across the membrane from the intermembrane space into the mitochondrial matrix ATP synthase is present in both processes and is driven by the concentration gradient of hydrogen ions Chemiosmotic production of ATP is called photophosphorylation Chemisomotic production of ATP is called oxidative phosphorylation Initial energy input to produce ATP is light energy Initial energy input to produce ATP is glucose Chloroplast transforms light energy into chemical energy of ATP Mitochondria transfer chemical energy from food into ATP Final electron acceptor is NADP+ where they are stored at a high state of potential energy in NADPH Final electron acceptor is oxygen where they are stored at a low energy level in water ATP and NADPH produce during this process are used in the Calvin Cycle, the next process Product of both processes are ATP

Photophosphorylation Oxidative Phosphorylation _______________occurs in both processes to generate ATP Located in the ________________membrane of the chloroplast Located along the _________ in the mitochondria Use the ____________energy of a concentration gradient of hydrogen ions Hydrogen ions are pumped across the membrane from the ________to the_________ _____________ Hydrogen ions are pumped across the membrane from the _______________space into the mitochondrial __________ _______ ______________is present in both processes and is driven by the concentration gradient of hydrogen ions Chemiosmotic production of ATP is called____________________ Chemisomotic production of ATP is called__________ _________________ Initial energy input to produce ATP is ___________ energy Initial energy input to produce ATP is ____________ Chloroplast transforms light energy into chemical energy of ATP Mitochondria transfer chemical energy from food into ATP Final electron acceptor is ________ where they are stored at a ______state of potential energy in NADPH Final electron acceptor is __________where they are stored at a ______energy level in water ATP and NADPH produce during this process are used in the _________Cycle, the next process Product of both processes are ATP