Cell Parts (Organelles, Plasma Membranes) Julia Cochrane, Gabriel Bloch, Jenna Ku, Jim Yu

Nucleus In what type of cell: Both animal and plant Location: Center of the cell Function: Serves as an information and administrative center for the cell

Nucleolus In what type of cell: Both animal and plant Location: Center of the Nucleus Function: Organelle in eukaryotic cell nucleus that produces ribosomes.

Cell Wall In what type of cell: Plant Location: Outermost part of the plant cell. Function: To provide support and protection for the cell.

Plasma/ Cell Membrane In what type of cell: Both animal and plant Location: Outer most part of animal and inside the cell wall of the plant cell. Function: Regulates what enters and leaves the cell, and also provides protection and support.

Chloroplast In what type of cell: Plant Location: Near nucleus Function: Captures energy from the Sun and converts it into chemical energy in a process called Photosynthesis.

Cytoplasm In what type of cell: Both animal and plant Location: Throughout the cell Function: Clear, gelatinous fluid that suspends the cell’s organelles.

Endoplasmic Reticulum In what type of cell: Both animal and plant Location: Around the nucleus Function: Modifies proteins and lipids (smooth has no ribosomes, rough has ribosomes attached)

Cytoskeleton In what type of cell: Both animal and plant Location: Within the cytoplasm Function: Cellular framework composed of microtubules and microfilaments.

Mitochondria In what type of cell: Both animal and plant Location: Near cell membrane Function: Power generator for the cell

Lysosome In what type of cell: Both animal and plant Location: Throughout the cytoplasm Function: Organelle that contain digestive enzymes; digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria.

Golgi Apparatus In what type of cell: Both animal and plant Location: close to the endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus. Function: The distribution and shipping department for the cell’s chemical products

Ribosome In what type of cell: Both animal and plant Location: Throughout the cytoplasm Function: Protein production sites

Vacuole In what type of cell: Both animal and plant Location: In a plant cell, the vacuole is very prominent in the center. In an animal cell, there are multiple vacuoles throughout the cell. Function: Membrane-bound fluid-filled space in the cytoplasm for temporary storage of materials.

Structure of Plasma Membrane Phospholipids Lipids with a phosphate group attached Carrier Proteins Allows larger substances to move through the plasma membrane Cholesterol Molecule Helps stabilize the phospholipids Prevents fatty acid chains of the phospholipids from sticking together. Polar Head Nonpolar Tail

QUIZ TIME

Question 1 What controls the cell? a)Nucleus b)Nucleolus c)Ribosome d)Lysosome

Question 2 What is the difference between the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum? a)Smooth has ribosomes, rough has none b)Rough has ribosomes, smooth has none c)They both have ribosomes d)Neither has ribosomes

Question 3 Which organelle is the matrix located in? a)Ribosome b)Nucleus c)Golgi Apparatus d)Mitochondria

Question 4 Which parts of the phospholipids are polar and nonpolar? a)Nonpolar head and polar tail b)Nonpolar head and nonpolar tail c)Polar head and polar tail d)Polar head and nonpolar tail

Question 5 What type of cell has a cell wall? a)Plant b)Animal c)Both d)Virus

Question 6 What makes up the cytoskeleton? a)Microtubules b)Microfilaments c)Both a and b d)None of the above

Question 7 What organelles are not in animal cells? a)Chloroplast, Cell Wall, Mitochondria b)Vacuole, Plasma Membrane, Ribosomes c)Chloroplast, Cell Wall d)Nucleolus, Cytoplasm

Question 8 What organelle does this describe? “Organelle that contains digestive enzymes and digests excess or worn out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses/bacteria” a)Ribosome b)Lysosome c)Mitochondria d)Chloroplast

Question 9 What organelle is this: a) Vacuole b)Mitochondria c)Chloroplast d)Mitochondria

Question 10 What prevents fatty acid chains of the phospholipids from sticking together? a)Phospholipids b)Carrier Proteins c)Cholesterol Molecule d)All of the above

Answers 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.C 8.B 9.C 10.C