Bell Ringer #5 Page 209 – Define terms Embryo, fetus, placenta and umbilical cord Page 208 Read “What to know about Conception” Define the terms in bold print –Conception/Fertilization –Heredity –Chromosome –Gene –Sex-linked characteristics –Genetic Counseling –Amniocentesis –Amniotic sac –Ultrasound

Family Life Education Human Growth and Development

Human Growth Cycle Conception or Fertilization Infancy Childhood Adolescence Adulthood Old Age

Conception The moment when the egg of the female is fertilized with the sperm from the male. This begins the pregnancy stage for the female. The pregnancy stage is broken down into Trimesters.

1 st Trimester 3 ½ months or 14 weeks Develop morning sickness (can occur anytime during the day) Sore and enlarged breasts Vital during this stage for the female to get enough vitamins, minerals and nutrients necessary for growth and development. Best to consult with a physician.

2 nd Trimester Lasts until the end of the seventh month and is usually the easiest stage of pregnancy. Regain energy Stomach will begin to expand and those around you will notice you are pregnant. Morning sickness should go away, although some women will continue to have it. Baby may begin to kick or move. May find out whether it will be a boy or girl.

3 rd Trimester End of seventh month until delivery. May become more sensitive, emotional or anxious (very natural feelings). Worrying about what kind of mother you will be (psychological). Increased weight of baby may cause back pain, giving feelings of discomfort or added anxiousness.

Fetal Development The fetus will develop into your baby in approximately nine months. Many changes will take place for the mother and baby.

Weekly Development First Month (embryo) – Vital organs are forming and the brain and beginning of the spine are evident. Fifth Week – Heart begins to beat and circulate blood. Arm and leg buds emerge. Brain, spinal cord and nervous system are established. Sixth Week – Digestive system is forming and the arms and legs begin to grow.

Weekly Dev. Cont. Seventh Week – The umbilical cord joins the embryo to the placenta. Long bones and internal organs are developing. Second Month (Fetus) – Human face, arms, legs, fingers, toes, elbows, knees, eyelids and bone cells are forming. 12th week – Sex is distinguishable. Fingers and toes are moving. Teeth buds are present and the kidneys and bladder form. Baby is 2-4” long and weighs an ounce or two.

Weekly Dev. Cont. 16 weeks – Baby moves and kicks, sleeps and wakes. The baby can now swallow. Hair forms, digestion becomes active, and the fetus is pink in color. 20 weeks – Spurt in baby’s growth. Internal organs are maturing, hair eyebrows and lashes are present. Baby increases storage of iron. Baby is 8-12” long and weighs about ½ pound.

Weekly Dev. Cont. 24 weeks – Baby’s skin is wrinkled. The baby has an audible heartbeat. 28 weeks – Most rapid growth, red and wrinkled. Eyelids can open and close. Baby storing large amounts of calcium and iron. Fetus has a chance of surviving if born. Baby is 15” long and weighs 3 pounds.

Weekly Dev. Cont. 32 weeks – Weight gain and rapid growth. Settles in favorite position. Valuable fat increases. 36 weeks – Baby gains ½ pound per week. Bones of head are soft and flexible. Baby has developed immunities. Now about 18” long and weighs 6 pounds weeks (birth) – Organs are developed and the respiratory system is mature. Baby can be delivered now (full term).

Infancy Newborn to about 2 years of age. Coordination develops Start to develop teeth Try to walk and talk Baby is totally dependent on adults until walking and talking.

Childhood 2 years to Adolescence (puberty) Bones solidly develop Permanent teeth take the place of “baby teeth” Development of intellectual skills

Adolescence The “teenage years” The body becomes sexually mature Continual growth of the body and intellect

Adulthood Body begins to slow down and stop growing physically. Hair loss may occur and physical activity decreases. Lifestyle habits have been formed (jobs, marriage, children, etc.) Over 40 – Older adulthood. Begin to prepare for the elderly stage of life.

Elderly (Old Age) Usually over the age of 40, but most often one is considered “old” when they reach their mid-sixties. One will start to have a lot of lifestyle changes. Retirement, grandchildren and loss of family members or partners are issues facing someone in this stage.

Harrisonburg Pregnancy Center Using your resources:

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