EARTHQUAKES EARTHQUAKES Primary & Secondary Effects PUBLIC SAFETY RULES

Earthquake Effects Ground Shaking

Earthquake Effects Surface Faulting

Earthquake Effects Liquefaction

SECONDARY EFFECTS OF EARTHQUAKES  Earthquake induced fires.  Hazardous Material Spills.  Landslides  Tsunami.  Communication Failures.  Epidemics.  Huge amount of debris  Changes of river course.

Earthquake Effects - Landslides

Earthquake Effects - Fires

Earthquake Effects - Tsunamis 1 2 3

Peninsula with faults SEA QUAKES

EPIDEMICS

DISPOSAL OF DEAD

DEBRIS CLEARENCE

CHANGES IN RIVER COURSE

Seismic Waves

Earthquake Magnitude M5 M6 M7

Earthquake Magnitude Scale MagnitudeEarthquake Effects Estimated No. Each Year 2.5 or lessUsually not felt, but can be recorded by seismograph. 9,00, to 5.4Often felt, but only causes minor damage. 30, to 6.0Slight damage to buildings and other structures to 6.9May cause a lot of damage in very populated areas to 7.9Major earthquake. Serious damage or greater Great earthquake. Can totally destroy communities near the epicenter. One every 5 to 10 years

Nagpur Earthquake Location

Longitude Latitude

DATETIMEMAGREGION 07 FEB06:23:364.8 QUEEN CHALOTTE ISLANDS 06 FEB16:25:214.7 NICOBAR ISLANDS 08:46:124 GULF OF CALIFORNIA 08:22:244.9 SOUTHERN BOLIVIA 06:07:565.5 NICOBAR ISLANDS 04:24:185.7 ANDAMAN ISLANDS 01:28:485.3 WEST OF MACQUARIE ISLANDS 01:02:435 -DO-

Problems for SAR Teams Assess the magnitude of the calamities. Collect information both official & non official agencies for relief works. Ascertain resources available for relief ops.

Problems for SAR Teams..... Coordination of various agencies for : – Evolving a common programme of work. – Drawing up operations plans – Providing facilities like training of volunteers. – Establish liaison between Central & State Governments, Local authorities & Social Welfare Organisiations.

PRECAUTIONS & SAFETY RULES

CAUSES OF DAMAGE TO HUMAN LIFE Falling bricks/stones & plaster Splintering glass Toppling furniture, collapsing walls Rock and land slides on mountains Fallen power lines Sea waves generated Fires Panicky human actions

SIMPLE PRECAUTIONS Open area is safer Move away from falling debris, chimneys, over head tanks Rushing out through staircase is dangerous Switch off the lights, power supply & gas connection

SIMPLE PRECAUTIONS Move away from glassed windows & doors Stand behind an inside doorway Crouch under a desk, table or bench Don’t stay inside large unsupported halls

SAFETY RULES-BEFORE Predict the hazards Place large/heavy objects on ground Avoid stocks of glass & crystal ware on top Anchor overhead lighting fixtures Construct earthquake resistant buildings and follow building codes Know your local ER/CD set-up

Remain calm, Plan actions & consequences, Rescue others If indoors watch for falling objects/debris Stay away from glass windows, mirrors, chimneys SAFETY RULES-DURING

Get under a table, desk or bed in a corner Do not run outside If outside move to open area, avoid high buildings, power poles If in vehicle, stop in safe place in open area SAFETY RULES-DURING….

Check for injured persons Check for fires Wear shoes in all areas Check utility lines & appliances for damage Do not use matches,lighters, switches if any gas leak SAFETY RULES-AFTER

Do not eat/drink anything from open Do not spread rumours Assist CD & HG, Fire service, Police Do not crowd in to damaged areas SAFETY RULES-AFTER…

ANY QUESTIONS