NMR I Spin-spinové interakce, 1 H NMR

I S J  0 I S J = 0 A X A1A1 A2A2 A1A1 A2A2 BoBo E J = 0 J > 0 E4E3E2E1E4E3E2E1

A1A1 A2A2 A 1 = A 2 A2A2 A1A1 A 2 A 1 A X A1A1 A2A2 A1A1 A2A2 BoBo E J = 0 J < 0 E4E3E2E1E4E3E2E1 A1A1 A2A2 A 1 A 2 J = 0 J > 0J < 0

1singlets 1 1 dubletd 1 2 1triplet t kvartetq pentetp

t dd dd

q dt td ddd

1 H NMR

X  (X-CH 3 ) elektronegativita Li1,0 R 3 Si01,8 H0,42,1 CH30,82,5 NH22,363,0 OH3,383,5 I2,162,5 Br2,702,8 Cl3,053,0 F4,254,0 1 H NMR - alkany

H NMR - areny

H NMR - areny

1 H NMR – alkeny  = 4 – 7.5 Alkyny  = 2 – 3 Aldehydy  = 9 – 11 Vyměnitelné protony (OH, SH, NH)

+ D 2 O

500 MHz 3 J = 6.8 Hz

500 MHz 3 J = 6.8 Hz

100 MHz 3 J = 6.8 Hz

100 MHz

500 MHz

800 MHz