Rise Of The Kings The Books of I & II Samuel I Samuel “David – God’s Anointed”

Announcements

I and II Samuel WeekDateTopic 107 Mar 12Samuel’s Call: 1 Samuel 1:1-3:1a 214 Mar 12The Ark Narratives: 1 Samuel 3:1b-7: Mar 12Israel Demands a King: 1 Samuel Mar 12The Decline of Saul: 1 Samuel Apr 12David – God’s Anointed: 1 Samuel Apr 12Saul’s Rejection of David: 1 Samuel 20:1-28:2 718 Apr 12The Death of Saul: 1 Samuel 28:3-31: Apr 12David Becomes King: II Samuel May 12The Davidic Covenant: II Samuel May 12Senior Blessing 1116 May 12David’s Moral Failure: II Samuel May 12Absalom’s Rebellion: II Samuel 15:1-19:8a 1330 May 12David Returns to Jerusalem: II Samuel 19:8b-24

Today’s Objectives Review last week’s lesson, historical background, and timeline for the books of I and II Samuel Review historical maps of Israel and the region Read chapter 16, Review 17, Read 18:1-9, Review 18:10 – 19:24 Examine relationships in David’s early life Examine David’s transition to God’s chosen leader of Israel Learn about how external appearances can often mislead Build a desire to strengthen our relationships

Historical Background Samuel named as the primary author –Samuel was the 13 th (or 15 th ) judge of Israel –Nathan of Gad wrote about David’s life (1 Chron 29:29) –Abiathar, high priest, may have wrote later chapters Existed as one book until translated into Greek around B.C. Written between 931 B.C. and 722 B.C. and covered the period from B.C. or 130 years Imperialistic void –Hittite and Egyptian empires had fallen more than a century earlier –Smaller kingdoms like the Ugarit had disintegrated as well

Historical Background Transition period in Israel’s history –Conclusion of a great famine in the land (see Ruth 1:1) –After the exodus, end of the period of the judges, and beginning of the monarchy –Israel had disintegrated morally, spiritually, and politically Chapter Notes –God’s directs Samuel to find a king to replace Saul –Search leads to Bethlehem and to David –Saul’s anoints David –David grows into a strong military leader –Saul grows jealous of David, tries to kill him multiple times

Palestine in Saul’s Time

Theme - Relationships Saul and Samuel God and David Samuel and David David with his father, Jesse David with his brothers Saul and David David and Jonathan Saul and Jonathan David and Saul’s daughters

Samuel Looks for a King (16:1-7) Samuel continue to grieve over Saul’s failure –God intervenes –Directs Samuel to anoint a new king in Bethlehem –House of Jesse (16:1) –God instructs Samuel to take a sacrifice Samuel arrives in Bethlehem –Greeted with fear and suspicion, why? –Jesse and his sons invited to the sacrifice (16:5) –Samuel notices Jesse’s oldest son, thinks he is the one –God instructs Samuel to not go based upon appearances alone, but judge based upon what is in the heart (16:7)

Samuel continues his search –Among the remaining sons of Jesse –All seven sons were dismissed (16:8-10) –Samuel learns of an eight son, David Samuel stops the sacrifice until David arrives –David arrives –Samuel anoints David (16:13) –David was between years old at the time –After anointing, the Holy Spirit descends upon him –Contrast OT versus NT Holy Spirit in-dwelling Samuel Anoints David (16:8-13)

David Serves King Saul (16:14-23) Evil spirit enters King Saul –Fallen angel tormenting King Saul or period of intense depression and paranoia (16:14) –Music seemed to bring relief to King Saul’s madness Saul directs his servants to find a harp player –Search leads to David (16:15-17) –David described as Musician Well-spoken Good-looking Most importantly, the Lord was with him (16:18) –Saul summons David to his court (16:19-23))

I Samuel 17 In Brief Story of David and Goliath –Philistine and Israelite battle in the Valley of Elah –15 miles west of Bethlehem Goliath –Nine feet, nine inches tall –Armor weighed pounds –Taunted the Israelites, who fled in fear David challenges Goliath –David states that he has fought lions and bears –Armed only with a sling –David kills Goliath

Saul is Jealous of David (18:1-9) David, again, brought into the king’s court –Kept under the king’s watchful eye –Given increasingly high rank in the army because of his military skills –King Saul still despised David Jonathan initiates a bond with David –Covenant of loyalty and friendship for life –The two were one in spirit (18:1-4) David continues to excel in the king’s service –David’s promotions pleased Saul’s officers (18:5) –Israel sings David’s praises (18:6-7) –Saul grows more jealous of David (18:9)

Saul continues to despise David –Over his military victories and continued success Saul tries to create situations to cause David’s death –Promises to award his daughter in marriage if David were successful in battle –David is successful, but Saul reneges –Then tries to use his younger daughter, Michal, in a similar manner –Then tries to enlist the help of his son Jonathan –Finally tries to kill David himself Michal helps David escape David flees to Samuel in Ramah, Saul pursues I Samuel 18:10-19:24 In Brief

Theme – Relationships Revisited Saul and Samuel – Samuel’s disappointment God and David – God’s chosen one Samuel and David – David is Samuel’s hope for the future David with his father, Jesse – David is the least likely, least important in the family David with his brothers – Jealous, over-bearing Saul and David – Saul’s servant, then competitor David and Jonathan – Soul mates, lifelong friends Saul and Jonathan – Father/son, albeit distrustful David and Saul’s daughters – love of David, helpful

Review Reviewed last week’s lesson, historical background, and timeline for the books of I and II Samuel Reviewed historical maps of Israel and the region Read chapter 16, Reviewed 17, Read 18:1-9, Reviewed 18:10 – 19:24 Examined relationships in David’s early life Examined David’s transition to God’s chosen leader of Israel Learned about how external appearances can often mislead Built a stronger desire to strengthen our own relationships