Federal Role & Safety Standards Standardized Child Passenger Safety Training Program Winter 2004

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 Objectives Functions of NHTSA Federal regulations affecting occupant protection After market products Federal Role & Standards - 2

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 Functions of NHTSA Education Enforcement Research Regulations Compliance Testing / Defect Investigation Federal Role & Standards - 3

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 FMVSS 208 – Vehicle Restraints Summary of current standard: Safety belts in all positions Lap and shoulder belts in all outboard positions (soon - all rear positions) Frontal air bags in all vehicles Federal Role & Standards - 4

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 FMVSS 213 – Child Restraints All CRS sold in US for children up to 65 pounds Sets specific minimum performance and design standards Federal Role & Standards - 5

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 Crash Testing Simulates 30 mph frontal crash into a solid barrier Using a standardized bench seat Using lap belt (except BPB) Federal Role & Standards - 6

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 Summary of the Current Performance Standards Rear-facing CRS - Rotate forward no more than 70° from vertical - No force levels set for rear-facing CRS dummies Forward-facing CRS - No more than 28” head excursion (may use tether to meet 28” limit) - Must also meet 32” head excursion limit without a tether - No more than 36” knee excursion - Head injury criterion - Chest acceleration Manufacturers self certify compliance Federal Role & Standards - 7

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 Rear-Facing Test Criteria Maximum Angle of back support < 70 o from vertical During Test 65° from vertical Courtesy of Kathleen Weber, Child Passenger Protection Research Program, University of Michigan Medical School Federal Role & Standards - 8 Pre-test 35° from vertical

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 Forward-Facing Test Criteria Head excursion: < 720mm (28 in.) & < 813mm (32 in.) Knee excursion: < 915mm (36 in.) Courtesy of Kathleen Weber, CPS Research Program, University of Michigan Medical School Federal Role & Standards - 9

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 Label Requirements Weight & size guidelines Basic use, installation & warnings Air bag warning on rear-facing CRS Manufacturer’s identification and 213 certification Model number & date Federal Role & Standards - 10

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 Dummies Used For CR Compliance Testing Dummies used in tests represent an average-size (50 th percentile) child of the age specified Instrumented dummies can measure head and chest acceleration (33lbs & 47lbs) The newborn dummy and 9-month dummy are not instrumented Federal Role & Standards - 11

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 Crash Test Dummies Used For FMVSS 213 Compliance Testing Current 7 pounds (Newborn) 20 pounds (9 months) 33 pounds (3 years) 47 pounds (6 years) New after 8/1/05 22 pounds (12 month) 34 pounds (3 years) 52 pounds (6 years) 62 pounds (weighted 6 years) Federal Role & Standards - 12

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 FMVSS CRS LATCH Requirements CRS must have tether attached if needed to meet 28” head excursion limit CRS must be equipped with two lower attachments Lower attachments may be flexible or rigid Federal Role & Standards - 13

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 FMVSS Vehicle LATCH Requirements At least 2 rear seating positions with lower anchors 3 tether anchorage locations in rear Can substitute integrated CRS in one seating position Federal Role & Standards - 14

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 Aftermarket Products NO current federal standard for testing or regulation Many products may mislead one to believe that they meet federal safety standards Moves belt too high on to abdomen Federal Role & Standards - 15

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 Aftermarket Products Shoulder belt positioning devices Infant head-positioning pads and head rests - Similar items which come with CRS are tested with CRS Seat saver mats Toys that attach to CRs Safety belt buckle covers Safety belt add-ons Safety belt locking devices Federal Role & Standards - 16 Padding too thick - no slots for harness

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 TREAD Re: CRS Improve safety of CRs through rulemaking (new dummies, new tests, etc.) Clearer/simpler instructions/labels CRS ratings Booster seat study 5-year strategic plan to protect 4-8 year olds Federal Role & Standards - 17

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 Anton’s Law Performance requirements for CRSs for children over 50 lbs Develop 10-year-old dummy Require lap and shoulder combination belt in center-rear seating position Evaluate integrated CRSs Federal Role & Standards - 18

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 CRS Ease-of-Use Ratings Overall grade of A, B, or C based on average of grades from 5 categories - Pre-assembled vs. assembly required - Clarity of labeling on CRS - Clarity of written instructions - Ease of securing child in CRS - Ease of installing CRS in vehicle Federal Role & Standards - 19

Standardized CPS Training Program - Winter 2004 Identifying Recalled Child Restraints Hands-on Exercise Locate CR labels Record - Restraint Brand - Model Number - Manufactured Date Using a current recall list determine and record recall status What was the identified problem? Federal Role & Standards - 20