وسایل حفاظت فردی در آزمایشگاهها تهیه و تنظیم : مهندس همت جو مرکز بهداشت استان آذربایجان شرقی زمستان 1390.

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Presentation transcript:

وسایل حفاظت فردی در آزمایشگاهها تهیه و تنظیم : مهندس همت جو مرکز بهداشت استان آذربایجان شرقی زمستان 1390

Protecting Yourself from Laboratory Hazards  استفاده از وسایل حفاظت فردی بعنوان آخرین راه حل  حذف یا کاهش مخاطرات با کنترل های مهندسی یا سازمانی 2 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

Engineering Controls: The Preferred Method کنترل فنی مهندسی در فرآیند کار اعمال می گردد و نیازی به اقدام از سوی کارکنان ندارد مثال : سیستم تهویه، استفاده از مواد یا پروسه کاری کم خطرتر، سرنگهای self-capping 3 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

Administrative Controls: Second Line of Defense کاهش مواجهه با تغییر در نحوه انجام کار اگر همراه با کنترل مهندسی نباشد کارایی آن کاهش می یابد. مثال : محدود کردن زمان مواجهه، آموزش، چرخش کار 4 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

The Facts about PPE PPE شامل لباس و تجهیزاتی است که از تماس ( مواجهه ) مستقیم با مخاطرات جلوگیری می نماید. PPE آخرین اولویت کنترل مثال : دستکش، روپوش، عینک و... 5 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

Basic, but Important Information در آزمایشگاه همیشه روپوش به تن داشته باشید. لباس گشاد و آستین کوتاه ممنوع موهای بلند بسته شده ، ریش اصلاح گردد. استفاده از کفش مناسب و اجتناب از پوشیدن دمپایی و صندل. استفاده از دهان برای پایپ کردن ممنوع 6 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

Minimum Lab PPE Requirements Protective eye wear Lab coat respirator Close-toed shoes Chemical resistant gloves (when working with hazardous substances) Other PPE may also be required, depending on the operation. 7 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

When Choosing PPE… What engineering or administrative controls can be used instead? What are the hazards you are trying to protect against? Does it fit? Is it comfortable? Is it durable? Does it allow for dexterity and range of motion? Does the PPE meet any applicable standards? Would the PPE inhibit your normal work tasks? Would wearing the PPE cause other hazards? Remember: PPE is intended to reduce, not eliminate, exposure! 8

Lab coats Lab coats provide extremely limited but critical protection from chemical splashes Useful when working with small (i.e., research sized) quantities of hazardous chemicals Heavily contaminated, well-worn lab coats must either disposed of or laundered, before they become sources of exposure themselves 9 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

PPE-Protective Clothing  Close toed shoes of non-woven material with non-slip soles  Some areas require steel toed shoes or boots  Non-flammable, non-porous aprons when using corrosives  Remove before leaving the lab  Launder separately 10 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

Protect Against Inhalation Hazards The use of a respirator may be necessary to protect against vapors and chemical particulates. The keys to effective respirator use are proper fit and the selection of the appropriate Did you know that anyone using a respirator (including N95 dust masks) must first receive a medical evaluation, approval, and training, which is available through Environment, Health and Safety? 11 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

دستكشها : انواع مختلفي از دستكشهاي حفاظتي وجود دارند از نوع مناسب براي كاري كه انجام مي ‌ دهيد استفاده كنيد. به ياد داشته باشيد كه در كار با مواد شيميايي نياز به دستكشهاي حفاظتي مقاوم در برابر مواد شيميايي داريد. قبل از استفاده از دستورالعملها ، تلفن و ترك محل كار دستكشها را دربياوريد. 12 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

PPE-Gloves  Be sure they are compatible with the chemicals involved  Remove gloves and wash hands before leaving  Inspect before use  Clean or discard immediately after use 13 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

Appropriate Gloves: Chemical Compatibility 1.Chemical degradation – Some chemicals cause gloves to deteriorate, rendering them useless. For example, most organic solvents will dissolve latex rubber. 2.Permeation rate – The rate at which a specific chemical diffuses through glove material. 3.Breakthrough time - The amount of time required for a given chemical to penetrate through a glove. Did you know that thicker gloves may increase breakthrough times, but may have little effect on permeation or degradation? Choose your gloves carefully. 14 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

Example of Glove Selection Chart from Glove Manufacturers Glove Materials Chemical (Organic Acids) Natural Rubber Neoprene Butyl PVC Nitrile Vitonâ Acetic acid Formic acid Lactic Acid Maleic acid Oxalic acid Selection Key: 4 Excellent, breakthrough times generally greater than 8 hours. 3 Good, breakthrough times generally greater than 4 hours. 2 Fair, breakthrough times generally greater than 1 hour. 1 Not Recommended, breakthrough times generally less than 1 hour. ? Not Tested or No Information, check other references. As you can see on this chart, not all gloves are created equal. Use care when selecting the appropriate gloves for your work. 15 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

Eye Protection When working with chemicals, when working near someone working with chemicals, when working around chemicals, but not directly with chemicals themselves, Please! – always wear some form of eye protection! 16 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

PPE-Eye Protection  All lab users, including visitors, must wear ANSI approved eye when potential exists for eye injury  Face shields and/or standing guards must be available for face or neck protection. Face shields do not replace the need for eye protection 17 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

Facts about Safety Eyewear عینک ایمنی : حفاظت در مقابل مواد معلق و پاشش حفاظت در مقابل flying particles and debris Face shield حفاظت در مقابل مواد معلق و پاشش ( استفاده به همراه عینک ایمنی نه جایگزین آن ) استفاده از عینکهای مخصوص موقع کار با لیزر و UV 18 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

Protect Yourself Eye Safety In case of emergency in which a chemical goes into one’s eye, use the eyewash station Flush in water for 15 mins 19 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

Types of Eye Protection Regular safety glasses provide sub-maximum protection, and can allow splashes and chemical vapors to reach eyes. Prescription safety glasses have corrective lenses, but provide only the same degree of protection as regular safety glasses. 20 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390

Prevent Damage: Store PPE Properly PPE به دور از مواد شیمیایی و آلودگیها نگهداری شود. به دور ازمنابع حرارتی باشد. زیر وسایل سنگین نگهداری نشود. به تاریخ انقضاء توجه شود. 21 مهندس همت جو - زمستان 1390