Rape of Persephone Locri, votive relief, ca 480 BC IMPORTANT TERMS Persephone/Proserpina Hades/Aidoneius Cerberus Demeter/Ceres John William Waterhouse Dante Gabriel Rossetti Nicolo dell’Abate Charles de la Fosse Gianlorenzo Bernini Peter Paul Rubens Thomas Hart Benton Frederic Leighton

Demeter and Persephone Aidoneus/Hades Demeter Demophoon Docetism dualism Eleusis Eleusinian Mysteries Gaia gnosticism Hekate Helios Hermes Psychopompos Homer Iambe insights gained from myth Irony Metaneira Monist mystery religionso oral composition Persephone repetition Rhea River Styx use of epithets Zeus/Kronides Demeter and Kore, “Exaltation Of the Flower”. Greek relief from Pharsale, B.C. IMPORTANT TERMS

Rape of Persephone Locri, votive relief, ca 480 BC

John William Waterhouse Gather ye Rosebuds while ye may painting date: 1909

Dante Gabriel Rossetti The Blessed Damozel Fogg Art Museum at Harvard University

From Royal Tomb I in Vergina Greece

Nicolo dell’Abate (16 th cent.)

Charles de la Fosse (17 th cent.)

Extra Credit to the first person who identifies the artist of this painting.

Luca Giordano ( )

Rembrandt 1632

Gian Lorenzo Bernini Boughese Gallery, Rome

CERBERUS

Peter Paul Rubens [Flemish Baroque Era Painter, ]Baroque Era

Thomas Hart Benton [American Regionalist Painter, ]

James Childs

The Return of Persephone Frederic Leighton MORE IMAGES:

Homeric Hymn to Demeter I.The Rape of Persephone (1-39) II. The Search for Persephone (40-94) III. Demeter at Eleusis ( ) IV. Famine and the Return of Persephone ( ) Oral composition Use of epithets repetition

Eleusis

The Cave of Hades at Eleusis

Greater Mysteries at Eleusis nine day festival every Sept.-Oct. procession of sacred objects from Eleusis to Athens convocation of initiates in Athenian agora ritual purification in the sea sacrifice of a pig procession back to Eleusis ritual of the Telesterion

Political Significance of the Cult: Athens and Eleusis

Views of Reality in Myth of Demeter Homer: body and soul are one (Monist) Myth of Demeter: body and soul are separate (Dualist) Gnosticism: System of belief based upon secret teaching revealed only to initiates. Docetism: a form of gnosticism which teaches that our present life is only a shadow of the real, divine life.

Greek Marriage Customs in Myth of Demeter Older man and younger woman Women lived in house, men in public world Bride betrothed by father Hades and Persephone as loving couple

Gender Gap Importance of the mother/daughter bond Mother’s struggle to keep her child Male violence against women Limitations of the power of the woman in Greek society Matriarchy vs. patriarchy (Bachofen’s Mother Right 1861)Bachofen

Insights into the Myth of Demeter Aetiological Historical Mystical or Metaphysical Cosmological Sociological Psychological Anthropological Oral composition Use of epithets repetition