COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

WHAT DOES “ COUNT ” MEAN?

COUNTCOUNTABLEUNCOUNTABLE SINGULAR PLURAL

COUNTABLE NOUNS A FORK TWO FORKS AN EGG FOUR EGGS A GLASS EIGHT GLASSES SINGULAR PLURAL

We can count countable nouns. They have singular and plural forms.

COUNTABLE REGULAR COUNTABLE NOUNS IRREGULAR COUNTABLE NOUNS “add an “s” or “es” to the end of the word” Dogdogs Appleapples Busbuses Citycities  knife knives  man men  mouse mice  child children  foot feet  tooth teeth  person people

BREAD MILK CAKE MEAT CHOCOLATE CHEESE UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

a carton of milka piece of cakea slice of breada litre of juice A bar of chocolatea kilo of meata packet of sugara can of coke A cup of coffeea bowl of cereala loaf of breada glass of tea

We can NOT count uncountable nouns. We can not use a,an,or numbers before uncountable nouns. They have only singular forms so they always take singular verbs. (is,has etc.)

MUCHMANYA LOT OF A FEW A LITTLE SOMEANY

*MUCH * There isn't much sugar in my tea. Is there much sugar in your tea?  We use "much" with uncountable nouns in negative sentences and questions.

*MANY * There aren't many cinemas in our city. Are there many cinemas ?  We use "many" with plural countable nouns in negative sentences and questions.

*A LOT OF* There are a lot of apples There is a lot of snow outside.  We use "a lot of" with uncountable and plural countable nouns in affirmatives.

*A FEW* There are a few cinemas in this city.  We use "a few" with plural countable nouns.  A few means not many but enough.

*A LITTLE* There is a little butter on my bread.  We use a little with uncountable nouns. A little means not many but enough.

*SOME* We can use some with both countable and uncountable nouns. Sayılabilen isimlerle birlikte kullanıldığında birkaç, sayılamayan isimlerle kullanıldığında ise biraz anlamlarına gelir.  There are some children in front of your house.  There is some water in the bottle.  Would you like some more orange juice?  May I have some of your pens?

*ANY* We can use “ANY” with both countable and uncountable nouns. Sayılabilen isimlerle kullanıldığında her zaman çoğul, sayılamayan isimlerle kullanıldığında ise hep tekil olur. Any kelimesi yalnızca olumsuz ve soru cümlelerinde kullanılır.  There aren't any students in the classroom. (Sınıfta hiç öğrenci yok.)  Are there any cars in the garage? (Garajda hiç araba var mı?)  Have you got any money in your purse? (Cüztdanında hiç para var mı?  Don't you eat any butter for breakfast? (Kahvaltıda hiç tereyağı yemez misin?)

HOW MUCH? HOW MANY?

We use How much ……? in questions to ask about the amount. "How much money have you got?" We need some tea. How much do we need? We use How many ……? in questions to ask about the number. " How many cigarettes do you smoke a day? "How many newspapers do you read every day?"