Publication No. FHWA-HRT Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation International Approaches to Bicycle and Pedestrian Facility Design Lesson 23

Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation 2-2 Lesson Outline Comparison of walking/biking levels. What can U.S. learn from other countries? Examples of pedestrian facilities. Examples of bicycle facilities.

Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation 2-3 Bicycling and Walking Levels

Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation 2-4 What Can the United States Borrow from Other Countries? Better facilities for bicycling and walking. Areawide traffic calming of neighborhoods. Urban design oriented to people, not cars. Restrictions on motor vehicle use. Better traffic education and enforcement.

Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation 2-5 Pedestrian Facilities Pedestrian crossings: –Zebra. –Pelican. –Toucan (bikes + pedestrians). –Puffin. Pavement messages. Pedestrian signal displays.

Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation 2-6 Pedestrian Crossing Treatments Zebra crossing Pelican crossing Toucan crossing Puffin crossing pedestrian detector

Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation 2-7 Pavement Messages Used in London and Salt Lake City. Prompts tourists and other pedestrians to look in correct direction for traffic.

Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation 2-8 Animated Eyes Used in Canada. Now included in 2003 MUTCD. Prompts pedestrians to look for turning vehicle traffic.

Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation 2-9 Pedestrian Zone/Mall Used on downtown streets. Some U.S. examples exist. Restricts motor vehicle traffic. Permits bicycles, buses, and taxis. (This picture shows a bicyclist not wearing a helmet. FHWA strongly recommends that all bicyclists wear helmets.)

Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation 2-10 Bicycle Lanes—The Netherlands Red pavement color. Wide enough for two bicyclists. Extensive network. Marked through intersections. (This picture shows bicyclists not wearing helmets. FHWA strongly recommends that all bicyclists wear helmets.)

Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation 2-11 Bicycle Signals— The Netherlands Red, yellow, green signal indications for bicyclists. Special signal phases for bicyclist turning movements.

Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation 2-12 Shared Bus and Bicycle Lane—Germany Shared lanes are 4.5 meters (m) (15 feet (ft)) wide. Shared lane signing and marking. (This picture shows a bicyclist not wearing a helmet. FHWA strongly recommends that all bicyclists wear helmets.)

Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation 2-13 Bicycle Parking—Germany Common at transit stations. Sheltered parking. Bicycle rentals common at transit stations.

Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation 2-14 Narrow/Contraflow Lanes—United Kingdom Narrower than AASHTO standards. Contraflow used on one-way streets for bicyclist convenience. (This picture shows a bicyclist not wearing a helmet. FHWA strongly recommends that all bicyclists wear helmets.)

Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation 2-15 Bicycle Trails and Sidepaths Used throughout Europe. Some on abandoned rail right-of-way. Used more along high- speed roadways. More crashes at road intersections. (This picture shows bicyclists not wearing helmets. FHWA strongly recommends that all bicyclists wear helmets.)

Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation 2-16 Lesson Summary Some design concepts have migrated to the United States: –Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) “Alternative Treatments for At-Grade Pedestrian Crossings.” –ITE “Innovative Bicycle Facilities.” Policy and culture are more difficult to change; they take more time.