The Last Supper Narrative Luke 22:1-38 by Alyssa Paulus

Overview  Passover is drawing near (Lk 22:1)  Judas plans to betray Jesus, giving him up to the chief priests and scribes (Lk 22:2-6)  Jesus instructs the disciples to prepare for the Passover feast (Lk 22:7-13)  The Last Supper (Lk 22:14-38)  Passover is drawing near (Lk 22:1)  Judas plans to betray Jesus, giving him up to the chief priests and scribes (Lk 22:2-6)  Jesus instructs the disciples to prepare for the Passover feast (Lk 22:7-13)  The Last Supper (Lk 22:14-38)

The Feast of Passover  Origins: Exodus 12: :3-10 How to Prepare the Meal Sacrifice a lamb on the 14th day Spread its blood on the doorposts Roast the lamb and eat it Whatever is not eaten is to burned 12:11-13 The Night of Passover God will strike down every first-born in Egypt Blood on the door makes the angel of death "pass over" the Israelites' houses  Origins: Exodus 12: :3-10 How to Prepare the Meal Sacrifice a lamb on the 14th day Spread its blood on the doorposts Roast the lamb and eat it Whatever is not eaten is to burned 12:11-13 The Night of Passover God will strike down every first-born in Egypt Blood on the door makes the angel of death "pass over" the Israelites' houses

The Feast of Unleavened Bread  Memorial Feast: Exodus 12:14-21 Celebrate the pilgrimage out of Egypt the first month of every year from the evening of the 14th day to the 21st day Eat unleavened bread for 7 days Hold a sacred assembly on the 1st and last day Anyone who eats leavened bread will be cut off  Memorial Feast: Exodus 12:14-21 Celebrate the pilgrimage out of Egypt the first month of every year from the evening of the 14th day to the 21st day Eat unleavened bread for 7 days Hold a sacred assembly on the 1st and last day Anyone who eats leavened bread will be cut off

Celebrating the Feasts Annually  Deuteronomy 16: The place of the feast is determined by the Lord: 5-8 Everyone was once a slave of Egypt; therefore everyone shall be included in the feasts: Three times a year every male shall appear before the Lord with an offering: Appoint judges and officials to keep true justice:18-20 Do not create any scared pole or pillar except the altar of the Lord:  Deuteronomy 16: The place of the feast is determined by the Lord: 5-8 Everyone was once a slave of Egypt; therefore everyone shall be included in the feasts: Three times a year every male shall appear before the Lord with an offering: Appoint judges and officials to keep true justice:18-20 Do not create any scared pole or pillar except the altar of the Lord: 21-22

Preparations for the Passover OT vs. NT  Exodus 12:21: Moses called all the elders of Israel and said to them, “Go and procure lambs for your families, and slaughter them as Passover victims.”  Exodus 12:21: Moses called all the elders of Israel and said to them, “Go and procure lambs for your families, and slaughter them as Passover victims.”  Luke 22:7-8: When the day of the feast of Unleavened Bread arrived, the day for sacrificing the Passover lamb, he sent out Peter and John, instructing them, “Go and make preparations for us to eat the Passover.”  Luke 22:7-8: When the day of the feast of Unleavened Bread arrived, the day for sacrificing the Passover lamb, he sent out Peter and John, instructing them, “Go and make preparations for us to eat the Passover.”

Preparations for the Passover OT vs. NT (Cont.)  Deut 16:5-8 “You may not sacrifice the Passover in any of the communities which the Lord, your God, gives you; only at the place which he chooses as the dwelling place of his name, and in the evening at sunset, on the anniversary of your departure from Egypt, shall you sacrifice the Passover.”  Deut 16:5-8 “You may not sacrifice the Passover in any of the communities which the Lord, your God, gives you; only at the place which he chooses as the dwelling place of his name, and in the evening at sunset, on the anniversary of your departure from Egypt, shall you sacrifice the Passover.”  Luke 22: 9-13 Jesus tells Peter and John where to go “Then they went off and found everything exactly as he had told them, and there they prepared the Passover.”  Luke 22: 9-13 Jesus tells Peter and John where to go “Then they went off and found everything exactly as he had told them, and there they prepared the Passover.”

The Last Supper  Luke’s Account compared to Matthew and Mark (Aland pg ) : -Luke reverses the order of events. -Unique: “Do this in remembrance of me”. -Includes more dialogue during the Last Supper (e.g., the dispute among the disciples and the prediction of Peter’s denial ).  Luke’s Account compared to Matthew and Mark (Aland pg ) : -Luke reverses the order of events. -Unique: “Do this in remembrance of me”. -Includes more dialogue during the Last Supper (e.g., the dispute among the disciples and the prediction of Peter’s denial ).

Arguments Among the Disciples & Peter’s Denial  Arguments among the Disicples: Mark 10:41-45 before Last Supper (Mark 14) Matt 20:24-28 before Last Supper (Matt 26) Luke 22:24-30 within the Last Supper event (compare Aland, pg )  Peter’s Denial Predicted At end of Last Supper in all 3 Synoptic Gospels BUT Luke's account seems completely different, one very similar to John’s Gospel (compare Aland, pg )  Arguments among the Disicples: Mark 10:41-45 before Last Supper (Mark 14) Matt 20:24-28 before Last Supper (Matt 26) Luke 22:24-30 within the Last Supper event (compare Aland, pg )  Peter’s Denial Predicted At end of Last Supper in all 3 Synoptic Gospels BUT Luke's account seems completely different, one very similar to John’s Gospel (compare Aland, pg )

Last Supper: OT vs. NT  The New Covenant: Jer 31:31-34 “The days are coming, says the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and the House of Judah. It will not be like the covenant I made with their fathers the day I took them by hand to lead them forth from the land of Egypt; for they broke my covenant and I had to show myself their master, says the Lord.”  The New Covenant: Jer 31:31-34 “The days are coming, says the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and the House of Judah. It will not be like the covenant I made with their fathers the day I took them by hand to lead them forth from the land of Egypt; for they broke my covenant and I had to show myself their master, says the Lord.” Luke 22:19-20 “And likewise the cup after they had eaten, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood, which will be shed for you.” Luke 22:19-20 “And likewise the cup after they had eaten, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood, which will be shed for you.”

Last Supper: Paul & Luke  Paul’s Letters: 1 Cor 11:23-25 “For I received from the Lord what I also handed on to you, that the Lord Jesus, on the night he was handed over, took bread, and, after he had given thanks, broke it and said, ‘This is my body that is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.’”  Paul’s Letters: 1 Cor 11:23-25 “For I received from the Lord what I also handed on to you, that the Lord Jesus, on the night he was handed over, took bread, and, after he had given thanks, broke it and said, ‘This is my body that is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.’” Luke 20:19 “Then he took the bread, said the blessing, broke it, and gave it to them, saying, “This is my body, which will be given for you; do this in memory of me.” Luke 20:19 “Then he took the bread, said the blessing, broke it, and gave it to them, saying, “This is my body, which will be given for you; do this in memory of me.”