Napoleon Bonaparte Label page 34, Napoleon Bonaparte, write down everything that is in orange!

Abdicate- To formally relinquish/give up ruling power. Armistice- Temporary end to hostilities and fighting by agreement between the opposing sides.

Artillery- A branch of an army armed with cannons. Coup- French for “to cut”, the violent overthrow of an existing government leader by a small group.

Guillotine- A machine for beheading by means of a heavy blade that slides down in vertical guides.

All these quotes are from the same person All these quotes are from the same person. What do they tell you about him? Make a list on page 3 of your notes “Power is my mistress. I have worked too hard at her conquest to allow anyone to take her away from me.” “There are but two powers in the world, the sword and the mind. In the long run the sword is always beaten by the mind." “Impossible is a word to be found only in the dictionary of fools.” "He that makes war without many mistakes has not made war very long." “Death is nothing, but to live defeated and inglorious is to die daily.” “Ten people who speak make more noise than ten thousand who are silent.” “History is the version of past events that people have decided to agree upon”. “I know when it is necessary, how to leave the skin of lion to take one of fox.” “A man will fight harder for his interests than for his rights.” “A throne is only a bench covered with velvet.” “Religion is what keeps the poor from murdering the rich.”

The Rise and Fall of Napoleon’s Empire How does this Picture reflect the information you gathered from the quotes?

How about these two Pictures?

Napoleon was born here, on the Island of Corsica

I. Napoleon Seizes Power 1798 – Egyptian Campaign is a failure Arrives in France to find out he is still a hero of France 1799 – Plans to overthrow Directory and later names himself “first consul”

Coronation of Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon’s actions during the Coronation were very symbolic He took the crown off of the Pope and placed it on himself Symbolized that he does not owe his success to anyone

Church Representatives Empress Josephine

II. Napoleon Rules France Plebiscite (public vote) approved new constitution – Napoleon stronger He repairs the economy – fixed tax collection, established a national bank, fired the corrupt Lycees – started government run public schools, rewards based on merit Concordat – repairs the relationship with Church, He will claim influence but no control Establishes the Napoleonic Code – A system of laws that were uniform but eliminated individual rights, and restored slavery in Caribbean

III. Napoleon Creates an Empire 1804 – crowned himself Emperor Wanted territory in New World, couldn’t overcome slave armies in Haiti and sold the Louisiana Purchase to the USA Wanted to expand in Europe, other nations attacked & were defeated, signed peace treaties Austerlitz is his finest battle. He crushes the Russians and Austrians both Battle of Trafalgar – England’s Nelson destroyed the French fleet, Napoleon wouldn’t be able to invade Britain Most of continental Europe in his control by 1812

Napoleon’s Tactics “Military Genius Divide and Conquer – Split the enemy in two and flank them from one side. The enemy will be literally half the size after the one side is annihilated Reconnaissance – Search for gaps Concentrate artillery fire on these gaps Napoleon increased the use of artillery

The Napoleonic Code Political Reforms in France Equality of all in the eyes of the law No recognition of birthright (nobility) Freedom of Religion Freedom to find an occupation of choice Strengthened the role of the family Emphasis on the husband/father as the head of the family

Napoleonic Code Strengths and Weaknesses Guaranteed civil liberties Continued the social aims towards the French Revolution Protected the interest of the middle class Weaknesses Women could not vote Wife owed obedience to her husband Minors had few rights Males were given more freedoms than Women in French Society

Army vs. Navy Nelson Rules the Seas Nelson Napoleon Rules the Land

Battles of Napoleon

The Greatest Extent of Napoleon’s Empire!

IV. Napoleon’s Costly Mistakes Continental System – blockade against Great Britain, destroy economy, make continental Europe more self-sufficient, Britain did it better… Peninsular War – French marched into Spain, took over govt., Spanish guerrilla forces attacked, French army severely weakened Napoleon establishes his relatives as kings in the countries he conquers. These people are not competent rulers. The citizens of these countries revolt.

1812- 600,000 + French soldiers invade Russia D) Invasion of Russia – Meant to punish Czar for selling grain to England. 1812- 600,000 + French soldiers invade Russia Russians pull back and refuse to fight, practice scorched-earth policy, and burn Moscow down. Napoleon marched back to France in winter, lost his army to the cold. 20,000 walk out… “Swallows fell from the sky like stones, frozen in flight in the bitter cold…”

V. Napoleon’s Downfall Major powers attacked: England and Prussia 1814 – Napoleon surrendered at Liepzig, exiled to island of Elba New king unpopular, Napoleon escaped Elba, returns to France a Hero for 100 days and built a new army in 1815 Battle of Waterloo – Napoleon defeated by combined forces of Russia, Prussia, Austria Sweden and England St. Helena – Exiled until his death in 1821

Napoleon’s Downfall Russian Campaign – Failure (500,000 lives) Lacked Supplies Harsh Russian Winter Napoleon Exiled to island of Elba Forced to abdicate the throne to King Louis XVIII

Napoleon Escapes from Elba “Last 100 Days” Napoleon escapes from Elba and returns to France Rebuilds Military Soldiers are Loyal to Napoleon not the King King Louis XVIII flees and Napoleon regains power

Write these questions and answer…pg 34 of your notes What do you think was Napoleon’s legacy to France? That is, what do you think happened during his control that had a lasting effect on France? How did Napoleon preserve the goals of the French Revolution? What other things did Napoleon do to betray the goals of the French Revolution?

Napoleon: Hero or Villain? Create a propaganda poster that depicts whether you think that Napoleon is a hero to France or a villain. You must include an illustration and the following: a. political aspects- (government, laws) b. social aspects- (for the good of the people) c. economic aspects- (money, debt, etc. )

Autocratic- Rule by one person with all the power Democratic- Rule by all the people, usually by voting for a representative to rule them Which of Napoleon’s actions were Autocratic? Which were Democratic? You may use your notes to get more ideas….