Audrey, Nikki, Priyanka, Sharon PAN-ISLAM Audrey, Nikki, Priyanka, Sharon

IDEOLOGY 622 AD – Mohammed “submission” or “surrender” Monotheism No alcohol, drugs, or gambling

5 Pillars of Islam Profession of Faith Prayer 5 times a day Donation to charity Fasting Pilgrimage to Mecca

Fundamentalism Religious movement that seeks a return to Islamic values and Islamic law Often associated with terrorism

Koran – suicide Hasan al-Banna: We believe that the doctrines and teachings of Islam are all-comprehensive and govern the affairs of men in this world and the next. Those who believe that these doctrines and teachings apply only to spiritual matters and to religious worship are mistaken, for Islam is at once... religion and state, spirit and work, mind and body. On the Doctrines of the Muslim Brothers, 1940s.

Muslim Women under complete submission of husband “Talaq, talaq, talaq!” dress code

SUNNI VS. SHIITE Both Sunni and Shia/shiite Muslims share the most fundamental Islamic beliefs and articles of faith. The differences between these two main sub-groups within Islam initially stemmed not from spiritual differences, but political ones. The Islam religion was founded by Mohammed in the seventh century. In 622 he founded the first Islamic state, a theocracy in Medina, a city in western Saudi Arabia located north of Mecca. There are two branches of the religion he founded.

The Sunni branch believes that the first four caliphs--Mohammed's successors--rightfully took his place as the leaders of Muslims. They recognize the heirs of the four caliphs as legitimate religious leaders. These heirs ruled continuously in the Arab world until the break-up of the Ottoman Empire following the end of the First World War. 85% of the muslim world is Sunni. Osama bin Laden is a Sunni Muslim.

Shiites believe that only the heirs of the fourth caliph, Ali, are the legitimate successors of Mohammed. Also known as the Imams In 931 the Twelfth Imam disappeared. According to R. Scott Appleby, a professor of history at the University of Notre Dame: "Shiite Muslims, who are concentrated in Iran, Iraq, and Lebanon, [believe they] had suffered the loss of divinely guided political leadership" at the time of the Imam's disappearance. Not "until the ascendancy of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini in 1978" did they believe that they had once again begun to live under the authority of a legitimate religious figure.  

Another difference between Sunnis and Shiites has to do with the Mahdi, “the rightly-guided one” whose role is to bring a just global caliphate into being. As historian Timothy Furnish has written, "The major difference is that for Shi`is he has already been here, and will return from hiding; for Sunnis he has yet to emerge into history: a comeback v. a coming out, if you will." Juan Cole: “I see a lot of pundits and politicians saying that Sunnis and Shiites in Iraq have been fighting for a millennium. We need better history than that. The Shiite tribes of the south probably only converted to Shiism in the past 200 year s. And, Sunni-Shiite riots per se were rare in 20th century Iraq. Sunnis and Shiites cooperated in the 1920 rebellion against the British. If you read the newspapers in the 1950s and 1960s, you don't see anything about Sunni-Shiite riots. There were peasant/landlord struggles or communists versus Baathists. The kind of sectarian fighting we're seeing now in Iraq is new in its scale and ferocity, and it was the Americans who unleashed it.”

TERRORISM Many people use the Quran as a source of legitimacy for terrorism “Fight those who do not believe in Allah.” Muhammad ordered his followers to oppress or kill non-Muslims. Jews and Christians were allowed to live as long as they paid the tax revenue called Jizya. If they chose not to pay the tax then they would have to convert to Islam or be killed.

Others use the Quran as a way to oppose terrorism Islam is tjhe religion of mercy “Do not betray, do not be excessive, do not kill a new born child” “Whoever has killed a person having a treaty with the Muslims shall not smell the fragrance of Paradise.” “He once listed murder as the second of the major sins – “The first cases to be adjudicated between people on the Day of Judgment will be those of bloodshed.” Muhammad used to prohibit soldiers from killing women and children.

ANTI-US SENTIMENT Rather than just a war in the name of God, terrorist have now become anti-Westerners more than anything Rather than fighting for their religion, they fight to show their strength and what they are capable of doing to the US and the rest of Western countries. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IX1e6mLVlHA

THE THREAT Social and economic problems which have characterized large parts of the Arab and Muslim world in the past few decades Terrorism integration in counties politics “Palestine is an Islamic Waqr sacred possession consecrated for future Muslim generations until Judgment Day. It, or any part of it, cannot be renounced; it, or any part of it, cannot be abandoned… This is the law governing the land in Islamic Sharia and this holds true for all lands that Muslims have conquered by force.”

Aspiration to establish a single great Islamic empire the so-called Uma Islamia “The Caliphate would be a global community where all Muslim would live as brothers. As an Omega of human history, this universal Caliphate implied a sort of global Islamization of humanity: all people would become Muslims, and all Muslim become brothers.” “Israel exists and will continue to exist only until Islam will obliterate it, as it obliterated others before it.” – Hamas Covenant 1988

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