Chapter 9 Charismatic and Transformational Leadership Matakuliah: A Kepemimpinan Tahun: 2008 / 2009

Bina Nusantara Learning Objectives Understand how the theories of charismatic and transformational leadership differ from earlier leadership theories. Understand similarities and differences among the major theories of charismatic and transformational leadership. Understand why attributions of charisma are jointly determined by the leader, the followers, and the situation.

Bina Nusantara Learning Objectives Understand what traits, behaviors, and influence processes are involved in charismatic and transformational leadership. Understand why charismatic leadership can result in undesirable consequences for followers and the organization. Understand what research methods have been used to evaluate theories of transformational and charismatic leadership.

Bina Nusantara Learning Objectives Understand the major findings in empirical research on the effects of charismatic and transformational leadership. Understand what leaders can do to become more transformational.

Bina Nusantara Two Early Theories Charisma Transforming Leadership

Bina Nusantara Attribution Theory of Charismatic Leadership Leader Traits and Behaviors Influence Processes Facilitating Conditions

Bina Nusantara Self-Concept Theory of Charismatic Leadership Indicators of Charisma Key Traits and Behaviors Influence Processes Facilitating Conditions

Bina Nusantara Other Conceptions of Charisma Psychodynamic Processes Social Contagion and Charisma Close and Distant Charisma Routinization of Charisma

Bina Nusantara Consequences of Charismatic Leadership Negative Charismatics The Dark Side of Charisma Effects of Positive Charismatics Practical Implications for Organizations

Bina Nusantara Transformational Leadership Transformational leaders use idealized influence, individualized consideration, inspirational motivation, and intellectual stimulation, while transactional leaders use contingent reward, and active and passive management by exception.

Bina Nusantara Research on the Theories Survey Research Laboratory Experiments Field Experiments Descriptive and Comparative Studies Intensive Case Studies

Bina Nusantara Transformational vs. Charismatic Leadership Essentially equivalent or distinct but overlapping? Transformational leadership can be found in all of organization. Charismatic leadership usually rare and came out in the support condition

Bina Nusantara Guidelines for Transformational Leadership Articulate a clear and appealing vision. Explain how the vision can be attained. Act confident and optimistic. Express confidence in followers. Use dramatic, symbolic actions to emphasize key values. Lead by example. Empower people to achieve the vision.

Bina Nusantara Summary Attributions of charisma are the result of an interactive process between leader, followers, and the situation. Charismatic leaders can tremendously influence an organization, positively or negatively. Transformational leaders induce followers to transcend self interest for the sake of the organization.