Living Primates, Part 2

Non-Human Primate Social Groups  Noyau – considered to be the most _______________________________  Solitary lifestyle, besides ____  Individual female and offspring range together  Female/offspring __________________  Male ranges overlap __________________

Noyau Social System  Seen in nocturnal primates (e.g many ______________)  Why is this social system observed so often in nocturnal primates?  ________________

Non-Human Primate Social Groups  Single Male: (polygyny): ____________________  Most common form  Male _____________________________  Seen in: Gorillas, (some) Spider monkeys, and (some) Colobus monkeys

Gorillas  _______________  Location- ________________  Frugivorous diet  Live in social groups with a dominant male – _______  _______ sexual dimorphism

Non-Human Primate Social Groups  Multimale-Multifemale: _________________________  _________________________  Seen in: Squirrel Monkeys, Savanna Baboons, Woolly Spider Monkey

Prosimians: Ring-tailed Lemur  Group dwelling (terrestrial)  Diurnal  Chemical Communication Chemical Communication  ___________________

New World Monkeys: Howler Monkey  6 species of Howler – range from __________ ________________________  Sexually dimorphic in size  ________________________  Hypoid bone – expanded into a very large, hollow resonating chamber Hypoid bone

Gelada Macaques  multi-male, multi-females  Not a macaque or baboon  Separate genus  ____________________  ______________________  Males in dispute Males in dispute

Non-Human Primate Social Groups  Monogamous:  _______________________  __________among primates  Not found in _____________  Seen in: Gibbons, Indris, Siamangs

Hylobatidae – The Lesser Apes  Gibbons & Siamangs – found in ______________  Locomotion – brachiationbrachiation  Diet – ______________  ______________________

Non-Human Primate Social Groups  Polyandry: __________  Seen only in Marmosets & Tamarins

Marmosets & Tamarins  Smallest ____________  Most specialized  Secondary derived: __________________  ____________________  Insectivorous  ____________________ Golden Lion Tamarins Pygmy Marmoset

Non-Human Primate Social Groups  Fission-Fusion  Chimps  ______________________ __________________________ with different activities and situations

Hominoids - Chimpanzees  Central & West Africa  _________sexual dimorphism  ____________________  Social behavior is ____________  Group centered on closely __________________