The Digestive Process Begins Final Digestion and Absorption The Digestive Process Begins Final Digestion and Absorption Dissection or Mixed Bag
List the three major kinds of teeth we have. What kind of digestion do they perform? 100
Incisors, canines, molars. 100
Explain the difference between mechanical and chemical digestion. 200
Mechanical digestion is the physical break down of food. Chemical digestion is when chemicals in the body are used to break down foods into their smaller chemical building blocks. 200
How does the body keep food from going down the “wrong pipe”? 300
There is a flap of tissue called the epiglottis that seals off your trachea as you swallow food. 300
Define enzyme. 400
An enzyme is a protein that speeds up chemical reaction in the body. 400
How does an ulcer form? 500
In many cases, a bacteria called H. pylori weakens the mucus layer of the stomach as it lives just below the mucus layer. Stomach acid then can damage the sensitive lining of the stomach. 500
Approximately how long is the small intestine? 100
6 meters 100
200 What’s the function of the rectum?
It’s function is to compress waste into solid form. 200
What’s the benefit of bacteria located in the large intestine? 300
As they feed on the material in the large intestine, they produce vitamins for the body to use.
Explain specifically how fiber helps the digestive system. 400
Fiber helps thicken the material in the small intestine, which then allows peristalsis work effectively. 400
Explain the relationship between diarrhea and the function of the large intestine. 500
Diarrhea is a condition when the waste material in the large intestine contains too much water. A function of the large intestine is to absorb the appropriate amount of water from waste material.
What are the two types of digestion? 100
mechanical and chemical 100
What is the muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach called? 200
esophagus 200
What are the involuntary waves of muscle contraction called that occur in the esophagus, stomach and other areas of the digestive system? 300
peristalsis 300
What are the two components of digestive juice? 400
pepsin and hydrochloric acid 400
500 What substance do the cells in the stomach produce to protect the stomach lining?
500 mucus
Where in the digestive system does nearly all of the chemical digestion take place? 100
small intestine 100
What are the millions of tiny finger-shaped structures that absorb nutrient molecules called? Where are they found? 200
villi (villus – singular) They are found in the small intestine. 200
What is the function of bile? 300
Bile physically breaks up fat particles into smaller fat droplets so they can next be broken down by enzymes produced in the pancreas. 300
What major role does the pancreas play in digestion? 400
The pancreas produces enzymes that flow into the small intestine and help to break down starches, proteins, and fats. 400
In what part of the digestive system is Vitamin K produced? How is it produced? 500
large intestine The large intestine contains bacteria that produce certain vitamins, such as Vitamin K. 500
What is absorption (be very specific)? Why is it important? 100
Absorption is the process of passing nutrients through the walls of the digestive system into the bloodstream. Absorption is important in transporting nutrients to all the parts of the body. 100
What was the largest (non-hollow) organ found inside the body? 200
liver 200
What are the 3 functions of the digestive system? 300
1.Breaks down food into molecules for use. 2.Molecules absorbed into blood and carried throughout the body. 3.Wastes eliminated from body. 300
How long is the entire digestive system? How long is the small intestine? How long is the large intestine? 400
All – 9 meters Small – 6 meters Large – 1.5 meters 400
Why does a chewed up Saltine cracker breakdown starch into glucose more quickly than a hand- crumbled Saltine cracker? 500
Saliva produces an enzyme called amylase that breaks down starch into glucose. 500
FINAL JEOPARDY The Digestive System
List the progressive order of the following terms from start to end of digestion: villi, rectum, pepsin, incisor, epiglottis, water absorption, salivary gland
incisor salivary gland epiglottis pepsin villi water absorption rectum