ROAD TO WWII Peace Efforts Militaristic Nationalism American Isolationism War in Europe FDR’s Response Japan & Pearl Harbor

PEACE EFFORTS: ISOLATION Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928: war is illegal Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928: war is illegal Latin America: Good Neighbor Policy Latin America: Good Neighbor Policy –US pulls out of all Latin American Nations –Platt Amendment rescinded, Cardenas ok Japan: Disarmament Conference Japan: Disarmament Conference –Five Powers Treaty: 5:5:3 –Nine Powers Treaty: Open Door Policy Isolation: People want no war or ties Isolation: People want no war or ties

Militaristic Nationalism Rise of Hitler: Nazi, Mein Kampf, Rise of Hitler: Nazi, Mein Kampf, –Chancellor 1933, Fuhrer, totalitarian gov. Rise of Mussolini: Fascism, Duce Rise of Mussolini: Fascism, Duce Franco: Spanish Civil War, Lincoln Brigade Franco: Spanish Civil War, Lincoln Brigade Russia:Stalin, hundreds of thousands killed Russia:Stalin, hundreds of thousands killed –FDR recognizes Soviet Union 1933 Japan: Attacks Manchuria 1931, Japan: Attacks Manchuria 1931, –invades Shanghai 1933, Chiang Kai-shek

Hitler and the Nazis

Mussolini with Hitler

Joseph Stalin

American Isolationism Nye Commission: It says banks and arms Nye Commission: It says banks and arms –companies started WWI for profits Neutrality Acts: “Never Again” Neutrality Acts: “Never Again” –No Loans to belligerents –No trade, no arms sales –No sailing on belligerent ships AMERICA FIRST COMMITTEE: ANTI WAR PROTESTORS: college students

Charles Lindbergh America First Committee

WAR IN EUROPE Hitler takes Rhineland(36) and Austria(38) Demands Sudentenland in Czech Munich Pact 1938: “Peace in our time” –C–C–C–Chamberlain appeases Hitler Hitler invades Czech. 6 months later Jewish Persecution: Nuremberg laws –K–K–K–Kristallnacht, Jews no where to go Non-Aggression Pact: Hitler & Stalin(39) –H–H–H–Hitler promises Stalin a chunk of Poland –H–H–H–Hitler avoids a two front war

Munich Pact: “Appeasement”

Hitler Takes Paris: June 1940

FDR’S RESPONCE Change Neutrality Laws: “Cash and Carry” Change Neutrality Laws: “Cash and Carry” –Congress rejects until after Poland. BlitzKrieg: Sept 1 Germany invades Poland BlitzKrieg: Sept 1 Germany invades Poland –April: Denmark and Norway, –France surrendered June 22,1940, Vichy gov. –330,000 Britain escapes through Dunkirk –London bombed Warships for Basis: 50 ships to Britain Warships for Basis: 50 ships to Britain –FDR: “We must help Britain”. $10 b military budget FDR wins 1940 election against Wilkie FDR wins 1940 election against Wilkie “Lend Lease” (March 41) lend and carry “Lend Lease” (March 41) lend and carry German submarines 500,000 tons per month German submarines 500,000 tons per month

Tojo: leader of Japan

JAPAN AND PEARL HABOR Japan’s plan for Asian domination Japan’s plan for Asian domination –Japan attacks China, “Rape of Nanking” Tripartite Pact: Japan, Germany, Italy Tripartite Pact: Japan, Germany, Italy American oil and metal Embargo American oil and metal Embargo MAGIC: we break the Japanese code MAGIC: we break the Japanese code Japan attacks Indochina Japan attacks Indochina Hideki Tojo become virtual dictator Hideki Tojo become virtual dictator Pearl Harbor Dec : 2400 killed Pearl Harbor Dec : 2400 killed “A date which will live in infamy” “A date which will live in infamy” Germany declares war on America Germany declares war on America

Pearl Harbor: Dec. 7, killed:18 warships:300 planes