Thin Liquid Wall Protection Concepts for IFE Reactors Elsayed A. Mogahed Fusion Technology Institute University of Wisconsin-Madison ARIES Meeting in Madison.

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Presentation transcript:

Thin Liquid Wall Protection Concepts for IFE Reactors Elsayed A. Mogahed Fusion Technology Institute University of Wisconsin-Madison ARIES Meeting in Madison WI, April 22-23, 2002

The First Thin Liquid Wall Protected Laser Fusion Chamber L. Booth et. Al., LASL 4820, 1972

10 IFE Wetted Wall Protection Concepts Over the Past 30 Years HIBALL HIBALL-II LIBRA LIBRA-LiTE OSIRIS PROMETHEUS- L&H LIBRA-SP LiPb/Woven SiC Li/Woven SiC FLIBE/Porous C Li 2 O/SiC/Pb LiPb/Perforated FS tubes Design Blanket Composition Breeder/structure/ multiplier Wetted Wall Suppressed Ablation Li/SS Li/Nb KOYO LiPb/Porous SiC Year Study Reported

HIBALL (1984) Coolant/PbLi Structure/Woven SiC Note surface area Mitigates Isochoric Heating

LIBRA (1991) Coolant/PbLi Structure/Woven SiC Channel Transport Through ≈10 Torr of He Surge Tank

LIBRA-LiTE {Light Ion}(1992) LIBRA-LiTE relies on ballistic transport of lithium ions to implode the target LIBRA-LiTE uses Li as coolant/breeder fluid Coolant/Li Structure/Woven FS Upper Expansion Chamber Ameliorates Dripping from Roof

OSIRIS {HIB} 1992 OSIRIS Chamber -- First Wall: Flexible, porous carbon fabric that contains the molten salt, FLIBE. A thin layer, of FLIBE coats the first wall to protect it from x-ray and debris damage. Coolant/FLIBE Structure/C fabric Spray Used to Enhance Condensation

Prometheus-L (1992) General view of Prometheus-L reactor In the same time frame there was another design, Prometheus-H (heavy Ion) Coolant/Pb Structure/Porous SiC

Prometheus-L blanket module A wetted wall with a layer of liquid lead on the surface. The first surface facing the plasma is porous SiC while the back of the F/W coolant channel is graded to fully dense SiC.

LIBRA-SP Uses Rigid Tubes (1996) e Coolant/PbLi Structure/Perforated FS PERIT Units

In LIBRA-SP the thin LiPb film spray-fan is overlapped to completely shadow the first surface (FS Perforated Rigid Tubes {PERIT}) LIBRA-SP First Wall Thin Film Spray-Fan Protection

Wetted Wall Designs Have Attempted to Address Many Issues Design Breeder/ Structure YearFirst Solid Surface FW Coating Liquid Condensation Area Wetted WallLi/SiC 1972 Porous-RigidLight2D flat wall Suppressed Ablation Li/Nb 1974 Porous-Rigid?Light2D flat wall HIBALLPbLi/SiC 1981 WovenHeavy3D-tubes HIBALL-IIPbLi/SiC 1984 WovenHeavy3D-tubes LIBRAPbLi/SiC 1990 WovenHeavy3D-tubes LIBRA-LiTELi/FS 1992 WovenLight3D-tubes OSIRISFLIBE/C 1992 Porous-semi rigid Interm ediate 2D flat wall -plus spray PrometheusLi 2 O/SiC/Pb 1992 Porous-rigidHeavy2D flat wall LIBRA-SPPbLi/FS 1996 Perforated- rigid Heavy3D-tubes KOYOPbLi/SiC 1996 Porous-rigidHeavy3D-tubes

Future Wetted Wall Designs Must Address the Following Issues Simultaneously Cavity Clearing: –Condensation surface area –Thermal velocity (i.e., Pb vs Li) Wetability/Dry Out Aerosol Formation: –Dust –Nucleation sites Accommodation of Penetrations