Circles, Squares, and Daggers How Native Americans Watched the Skies Unit 2: Astronomy Level 5 http://www.opencourtresources.com Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Selection Vocabulary astronomical observatories archaeoastronomy horizon carbon dating petroglyphs Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

astronomical observatories You have probably heard about stargazers of the past such as the ancient Egyptians, the builders of Stonehenge, and the Mayas. Did you know that Native Americans, too, made astronomical observatories long before Europeans arrived? Our class is going on a field trip to two astronomical observatories to view Saturn? Definition – places designed for watching the universe beyond Earth, including stars, planets, and galaxies. Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell archaeoastronomy The study of these ancient observatories is called archaeoastronomy. By combining astronomy with archaeology, we are beginning to understand how people of the past observed the stars. My sister is taking a course in archaeoastronomy, the study of ancient astronomical observatories. Definition – the study of ancient astronomical observatories Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell horizon The point on the horizon where a star rises changes slightly over time. Every evening the sun sets on the horizon. Definition – the line where Earth and sky seem to meet. Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell carbon dating The wheel was dated by figuring out when bright stars rose close to the points shown by the cairns. The calculations agreed with carbon dating for the site. Scientists use carbon dating to measure the amount of chemical carbon found in a fossil to tell its age. Definition – using carbon 14 to find out the age of old material. Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell petroglyphs All over the Southwest there are many such figures, called petroglyphs, cut in the rock. Spirals, crosses, rough outlines of humans, lizards, birds – all had meaning. We saw the petroglyphs, or rock carvings, left by an early tribe on the sides of mountains in New Mexico. Definition – drawings or words cut into a rock. Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Vocabulary Quiz _______ is the line where Earth and sky seem to meet. Drawings or words cut into a rock is known as ________. ________ are places designed for watching the universe beyond Earth, including stars, planets, and galaxies. Using carbon 14 to find out the age of old material is called ______. _______ is the study of ancient astronomical observatories. astronomical observatories archaeoastronomy horizon carbon dating petroglyphs Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Reading the Words Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

Most Adverbs end with -ly gradually directly roughly absolutely Can you identify each root word? Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Schwa plus l (Əl) words circle travel spiral pencil capitol Can you think of anymore words that end with the /Əl/, spelled le, el, al, il, or ol? Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Do your best, add -es equinoxes inches cargoes Change y to i and add –es varieties What other words do you know that require –es when plural? Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

Words containing /ō/ spelled o and o_e social spokes shone Mexico adobe Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Reading the Sentences The ball’s speed increased gradually, and it went directly through the goal. What are the 2 adverbs used in this sentence? gradually, directly Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell She drew a circle in her spiral notebook. Which words contain the /Əl/ sound? circle, spiral Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell There are many varieties of fish in the ocean. What is the regular plural in this sentence? varieties What is the singular form of the word? variety Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell The adobe houses in Mexico are made of clay bricks that are baked in the sun. Which words contain the /ō/ sound? adobe, Mexico Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School