INSECT HORMONES. Manduca sexta Rhodnius prolixus.

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Presentation transcript:

INSECT HORMONES

Manduca sexta Rhodnius prolixus

Main Endocrine Centres Prothoracic (ecdysial) gland Neurosecretory cells in VNC Corpus allatum Corpus cardiacum Neurosecretory cells in SEG Neurosecretory cells in brain Brain Ovary

Corpora cardiaca Corpora allata

Neuroendocrine Regulation Central nervous system Neurohemal organ Neurosecretory cells Neurohormone Hormone Endocrine gland Target cell +/- Target cell

Physiological Actions of Hormones 1. Metabolism and homeostasis * Metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids * Water balance and diuresis (excretion of water following a blood meal) * Cardioactive and muscle stimulation/inhibition 2. Growth, molting and metamorphosis 3. Reproduction 4. Diapause = state of arrested development * Any stage - egg, larval, pupal, adult 5. Phase or caste polymorphism * Social insects - ants, termites, honeybees * Locusts and aphids show phase polymorphism 6. Behaviour * During molting process * Migration * Reproductive behavior * Social behavior * Pheromones

Sensitive periods for JH JH level Ecdysone level 4th instar5th instar

Outer epicuticle Inner epicuticle Epicuticle Exocuticle Endocuticle Epidermis Basement membrane Pore canals Procuticle Moulting and Hormones

Moulting Cycle (Part 1) Step 1Step 2Step 3/4

Moulting Cycle (Part 2) Step 5-7EcdysisNew Integument

CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 O O O C C C H H H C C CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 O O O C C C H H H C C CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 O O O C C C H H H C C Ecdysone Juvenile hormone I Juvenile hormone II Juvenile hormone III 20-Hydroxyecdysone

Juvenile hormone Penultimate larval instarFinal larval instarAdult JH sensitive period JH Titer

Corpus cardiacum Corpus allatum Brain (neurosecretory cells) Production, storage and release of protothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH} PTTH stimulates Ecdysone (ec) Juvenile hormone (JH) Binding protein (JHBP) JH-JHBP20-hydroxyecdysone chromosomes RNA Protein synthesis Larval structures chromosomes RNA Protein synthesis Pupal structures chromosomes RNA Protein synthesis Adult structures Action pathway for JH and Ecdysone

Moulting video

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