Molecular Simulations of Metal-Organic Frameworks

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Presentation transcript:

Molecular Simulations of Metal-Organic Frameworks Jeffery A. Greathouse Sandia National Laboratories 9 August 2011 Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.

Outline Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) MD simulation GCMC simulation Mechanical properties Vibrational properties Framework stability GCMC simulation Code development (Paul Crozier) Adsorption of I2 by ZIF-8 IRMOF-1

Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) pcu IRMOF series Zn4O cluster nbo NOTT-10x, PCN-14 Cu2 cluster Crystalline, highly ordered solids Metal cations linked by organic linkers Tunable pore chemistry Nanoporous (5-30 Å) Huge variety of structures Ultrahigh surface areas (as high as 6000 m2/g) Structurally flexible seh MIL-53(Al) Al(OH) cluster sod ZIF-8 Zn cluster

MD Simulation Potential energy expression: All atoms: VDW and electrostatic Linkers and adsorbates: CVFF intramolecular parameters (bond, angle, dihedral, out-of-plane Constant pressure (NPT) ensemble to calculate volume and lattice parameters (with and without adsorbate). Constant volume (NVT) ensemble for elastic and vibrational properties. Nonbonded force field approach for IRMOF-1 validated by: T and P effects, elastic properties, vibrational properties, volume changes associated with adsorption (water)

Mechanical Properties of IRMOF-1 Trend of negative thermal expansion agrees with experiment. 1.0% increase in volume between 30 K – 293 K (0.1 Å in lattice parameter). Significant decrease in bulk modulus between 0 K and 300 K Energy Min (0 K) MD Sim (300 K) FF DFT Bulk Modulus (GPa) 20.0 16.3 4.0 Greathouse and Allendorf, J. Phys. Chem. C 2008.

Vibrational Properties of IRMOF-1 Power spectra for select atom types. Frequencies for ZnO4 modes are in agreement with experiment. Librational modes due to internal rotation of phenyl groups. Greathouse and Allendorf, J. Phys. Chem. C 2008.

Interaction of IRMOF-1 with Water Framework distortion at low water content Framework unstable at higher water content Greathouse and Allendorf, J. Am. Chem. Soc 2006.

Adsorption in LAMMPS: “fix GCMC” Grand canonical Monte Carlo (VT ensemble) Standard GCMC features: Particle creation/destruction. Work efficiently, and in parallel on multiple processors. Compatible with other LAMMPS features (MD, ensembles, force fields, computes, etc). Reports relevant statistics. Currently limited to monatomic adsorbates and short-range interactions (no electrostatics).

Sava et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, in press. Adsorption of I2 in ZIF-8 Spherical model for I2. Predicted I2 loading in good agreement with x-ray diffraction. Sava et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, in press.

More on “fix GCMC” Likely to be done soon: More verification testing vs MCCCS Towhee code. Fix code problems identified by beta testers. Improve the documentation in preparation for release. Send updated code & docs out to beta testers and Steve. Release code & docs on main LAMMPS website. Maybe later if there’s time: Add molecule capability, including MC exchanges, moves, and rotations of molecules. Add ability to measure and report chemical potential. Make it work with long-range electrostatics. Make it scale: better parallel simulation. Add fancier MC moves (configurational bias, etc.).

Acknowledgements Sandia National Laboratories Mark Allendorf Paul Crozier Tina Nenoff Dorina Sava