CPR Cardiopulmonary resuscitation A powerpoint presentation for Health class at the Arts Academy at Benjamin Rush Teacher: Todd Corabi

Steps to Take in an Emergency People can get injured or ill at any time and in any place. If a person has a serious or life-threatening problem, he or she will need emergency care. Knowing CPR can help save a life..PERIOD!

Steps to Take in an Emergency Check the Scene for safety: If you get hurt, you can’t help someone else Check the Person: Unconscious vs Conscious see next slide(s) CALL for help: Yell out loud for help from people around you, CALL 911, notify someone in charge (if applicable), Call/send for AED Care for person Using basic first aid/safety/CPR skills CHECK CALL CARE

CHECK THE PERSON Unconscious vs Conscious people Conscious = Adults and older teens: Approach calmly, get permission, do a head to toe assessment looking for obvious signs of trauma (broken bones, cuts, bleeding, etc) and asking questions Younger teens and children ESPECIALLY little kids Approach calmly, get their parent’s permission if possible, do a toe to head assessment at their level (kneeling or sitting)

CHECK THE PERSON Unconscious vs Conscious people Unconscious = Tap and Shout “Are you okay” (make sure to roll person over) For an Adult, Red Cross states to “check for signs of life” for no more than 10 seconds, give 2 rescue breaths, begin CPR if needed American heart Association states to begin CPR if no response after tap and shout For the purposes of the next few slides…..let’s assume we “checked” and un-conscious person and called 911 and for an AED

When to call 911????..EMERGENCIES Examples include but are not limited to: No signs of life, Unconsciousness, Deep burns,, trouble breathing (with no response from Asthma inhalers if Asthmatic), persistent chest pain, vomiting blood, seizures, head injuries, broken bones through skin, perceived neck/back injury

CARDIAC CHAIN OF SURVIVAL CAN SAVE LIVES!!!!!!!

CPR Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) Breaths Tilt the head back as you lift up on the chin. This will open the airway. Keeping the victim’s head and chin in the proper position, pinch the person’s nostrils shut. Place your mouth over the victim’s mouth, forming a seal. Give two slow breaths, each about 1 second long. The victim’s chest should rise with each breath.

CPR Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) Chest Compressions To perform chest compressions, kneel next to the victim’s chest and position your hands properly. Find a spot on the middle half of the victim’s breastbone, right between the nipples. Place the heel of one hand on that point, and interlock your fingers with the fingers of the other hand. Do not allow your fingers to rest on the victim’s ribs. Make sure your shoulders are directly over your hands and your elbows are locked. Press straight down quickly and firmly at a rate of about 100 compressions per minute and allow the victim’s chest to spring back between compressions The full CPR cycle involves chest compressions and rescue breaths.

Performing the CPR Cycles After every 15 compressions, give the victim two breaths. Continue until: The victim begins to show signs of life an AED is brought to the scene and is ready to be connected, Another person takes over CPR for you, Emergency Medical Personnel arrives OR you are too tired to continue

First Aid for Choking Choking occurs when a person’s airway becomes blocked. Food or accidentally swallowed objects create an obstruction in the airway that prevents air from entering the lungs. If the obstruction is not removed, the person can die within a few minutes.

First Aid for Choking (cont’d.) Recognizing the following signs of choking is the first step toward helping the victim. The person may clutch his or her neck, which is the universal sign for choking. The victim may also cough, gag, have high-pitched noisy breathing, or turn blue in the face. If a victim is able to cough please encourage them to continue..the object may remove itself/ A strong cough can remove the object from the airway. If the airway is completely blocked, the victim will need immediate first aid. However, if someone appears to be choking but can cry, speak, or cough forcefully, first aid should not be attempted.

First Aid for Choking (cont’d.) For an adult or older child who is choking, use back blows and abdominal thrusts to expel the object from the airway. 5 back blows using heal of hand between shoulder blades while holding the victim up Followed by 5 abdominal thrusts…see next slide Continue to do this until the object comes out OR the victim loses conciousness The next slide shows how to perform abdominal thrusts on an adult or older child.

First Aid for Choking (cont’d.) Give quick, inward and upward thrusts. Continue until the person coughs up the object. If the person becomes unconscious, call 911 or the local emergency number and begin CPR. For adults and children Place the thumb side of your fist against the person's abdomen, just above the navel. Grasp your fist with your other hand. Click to display the procedure to help an adult or child who is choking.

First Aid for Choking (cont’d.) If a person choking loses consciousness, begin CPR However, in between the 15 compressions and 2 breaths, check in the victims mouth to see if the object has been dis-lodged. If so, remove it by sweeping your finger towards you.