Periodic Table of The Elements Steve Gerkey Source: Los Alamos National Lab Interactive Periodic Table iodictable iodictable Copyrights google images

Element #1 Iron Name: Iron Symbol: Fe Atomic number: 26 Valence electrons: 2 Properties: Iron has been used by humans since prehistoric times. It is found in the sun and many stars. It is a major component in a class of meteorites (siderites). Iron makes up the Core of our Earth (2150 miles radius) and is the fourth most abundant element by weight in the crust.

Element #2 Gold Name: Gold Symbol: Au Atomic number: 79 Valence electrons: 1 Properties: The most beautiful element in a pure state, yellow color, soft metal – most malleable and ductile. Highly prized for use in coins, jewelry, plating.

Element #3 Oxygen Name: Oxygen Symbol: O Atomic number: 8 Valence electrons: 6 Properties: gas, forms 21% of air we breath, third most abundant element in sun, 49% of earth’s crust. Two thirds of the human body and 90% of water is oxygen. Colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas. Forms ozone (O3) which shields the earth’s surface from the sun’s ultraviolet radiation which damages living cells. Plants and animals rely on oxygen for cellular respiration.

Family Slide 5 What is a Family (Group)? In organizing the 92 natural elements in nature by Atomic Number (# protons in the nucleus of the atom of the element), there is a periodic or repeating occurrence of physical and chemical properties which is visible in the 18 columns (family or group) of the Periodic Table. Groups on the left are metals and on the right are non-metals.

Alkaline Earth Metals (Group 2) Slide 6 Valence electrons: 2 Chemical reactions: These Elements react by transferring The 2 valence electrons to Another atom and become +2 ion. Calcium is a famous element here. Properties: Highly reactive metals, Silvery white color, form ionic bonds Such as CaCl, CaCO3 (shells in marine Animals).

Halogens (Group 17) Slide 7 Valence Electrons: 7 Lack 1 electron To form a complete energy shell. Fluorine is most chemically Active of all elements. Diatomic. Chlorine has been used as Poison gas in chemical warfare And in Holocaust death camps. In Small amounts, Cl disinfects drinking Water and swimming pools.

Periods Slide 8 7 Rows called Periods are horizontal groupings. All elements in a Period have the same number of energy levels (electrons in shells) Elements increase in atomic number ( # Protons in atomic nucleus) from left to right in a period.

Period 3 of Periodic Table Slide 9 Elements of Period 3 have valence electrons in the 3 energy level (shell). Sodium Na has 1 and Argon Ar has 8.