Types of Security and Modes of Trust Martin Endreß / Benjamin Rampp University of Trier International Conference “Security, Ethics, and Justice: Towards a More Inclusive Security Design” June 21-23, 2012, Tübingen (Germany)

Overview Insecurity, uncertainty, and risk in the contemporary world Types of government and security Impact on society and modes of trust Conclusion 2 | Martin Endreß, Benjamin Rampp | Types of Security and Modes of Trust © 2012 University of Trier

Insecurity, uncertainty, and risk in the contemporary world (Neo-)liberalization of the welfare state Flexibilization and disembedding Inter-/transnationalization, globalization Ubiquity of risk: from ‘if’ to ‘when’ 3 | Martin Endreß, Benjamin Rampp | Types of Security and Modes of Trust © 2012 University of Trier

Insecurity, uncertainty, and risk in the contemporary world Two ideal-types of terrorism 1970/80s terrorism: “attack on the heart of the state” (Hess/Moerings/Pass 1988) Aiming at high profile representatives Political program This-worldly motivation Current terrorism: “attack on the heart of society” Aiming at damage and terror per se Vague program Other-worldly motivation Ubiquitous risk ‘Sleeper terrorist’ 4 | Martin Endreß, Benjamin Rampp | Types of Security and Modes of Trust © 2012 University of Trier

Types of government and security Changing types of government and security Sovereign/disciplinary: practices of exclusion, control, and surveillance Liberal: government from distance, responsibilization 5 | Martin Endreß, Benjamin Rampp | Types of Security and Modes of Trust © 2012 University of Trier

Types of government and security 6 | Martin Endreß, Benjamin Rampp | Types of Security and Modes of Trust © 2012 University of Trier Sovereign/disciplinary ideal- type of government and security Exclusion Direct Visible Normative State control, coercively and externally imposed government Focused on the body Negative stigmatization Production of exclusive, clearly regulated spaces Liberal ideal-type of government and security Inclusion Indirect Invisible ‚Management of the empirical normal‘ Subjectification, internal control, government of the self, responsibilization Focused on the self Normalizing Non-places

Impact on society and modes of trust Trust as an operationalization of societal effects Modes of trust Reflexive trust: cognitive mode and strategic resource of action, thematized per definitionem Habitual trust: pragmatically effective fundament of routine and the product of interaction, thematizable Operating trust: fundamental relationship to oneself, to others, and to the world, pre-thematic 7 | Martin Endreß, Benjamin Rampp | Types of Security and Modes of Trust © 2012 University of Trier

Impact on society and modes of trust Impact of types of government and security on different modes of trust Sovereign/disciplinary Predominantly affecting reflexive and habitual trust Traumatization on the individual level Liberal Predominantly affecting operating trust Destabilization of “civil inattention” Traumatization on the societal level 8 | Martin Endreß, Benjamin Rampp | Types of Security and Modes of Trust © 2012 University of Trier

Conclusion Body scanners as a worthwhile case: focusing reflexive/habitual and operating trust? Transcending corporeality with a stronger focus on liberal government 9 | Martin Endreß, Benjamin Rampp | Types of Security and Modes of Trust © 2012 University of Trier

Conclusion Thank you for your attention! Contact: Prof. Dr. Martin Endreß / Benjamin Rampp, M.A. University of Trier Faculty IV – Sociology Chair of General Sociology Universitätsring 15 D Trier Germany / 10 | Martin Endreß, Benjamin Rampp | Types of Security and Modes of Trust © 2012 University of Trier