By: Paul Chau, Winson Man, Ayinde Pope, Ramil Rakhamimov, Tony Li

 Is the policy of extending the rule of authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies  advocacy of sovereign interest over the interest over the interest of the dependent state

 Is the control or governing influence of a nation over a dependent country, territory, or people  the system or policy by which a nation maintains or advocates such control or influence

 The targets of imperialism are weak countries. An example is Africa. World Powers such as Britain and other European countries mainly targeted undeveloped countries because they didn’t have modern technology to defend themselves.

 The European countries also had a racist idea that it was their duty to modernize and make the Africans more civilized. This racist idea is called the White Man’s Burden. The white man sent missionaries to convert them to Christianity.

Who started/participated in these movements? Countries or people?  In the 1870s, King Leopold of the Belgian sent people to trade with Africans, but later it leads to colonization and imperialism. Soon, many other European countries began to join in on the action. These countries include, Belgian, Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, and Spain. At first these interactions started out as trading but later it slowly moved to colonization and finally these countries split the country of Africa into separate colonies.

Who started/participated in these movements? Countries or people? (Cont.)  In the Berlin Conference of , the European powers came to an agreement to split the country of Africa amongst themselves. By the 20 th century, all of Africa was colonized except for the independent country of Ethiopia.

 The four main goals of imperialism are the need for new markets, to spread Christianity, to provide a place for the growing populations to settle, and to provide power & security of a global empire.  Other reasons for imperialism include: economic gains, geographical advantages, nationalism, and the ideas of White Man’s Burden.

 The main goals of colonialism is to display the domination of one’s nation and power, though both can be expressed differently.  An example of colonialism is the settling in of the colonized people’s land from the colonizers. During this relationship, the country still that has been colonized can still have its own government.  The European countries achieved their goals through force and fear.

 In heart of Darkness one reference is when Marlow goes from the Outer Station to the Central Station, he sees people treating slaves with cruelty and torturing them. That is an example of harsh colonialism.  "I had then, as you remember, just returned to London after a lot of Indian Ocean, Pacific, China Seas - a regular dose of the East - six years or so, and I was loafing about, hindering you fellows in your work and invading your homes, just as though I had got a heavenly mission to civilize you.  This quote means that the Africans are getting invaded, and being made to work for the Europeans. It shows how harsh colonialism is and how they back up their reasoning with talk about how they are civilizing them.  Another example is when Fresleven dies. This shows how the Africans were mistreated and how horrible Imperialism actually is.  [On the black slaves at the first station]: "[…] but these men could by no stretch of imagination be called enemies. They were called criminals and the outraged law, like the bursting shells, had come to them, an insoluble mystery from over the sea. All their meager breasts panted together, the violently dilated nostrils quivered, the eyes stared stonily up-hill. They passed me within six inches, without a glance, with that complete, deathlike indifference of unhappy savages  This quote shows how the Africans here know nothing but work. They are abused and hurt. There body knows only labor. They don’t know how to do anything else. This shows how harsh colonialism really is.

 Singh, Amardeep. "Colonialism/Imperialism: The Simple Way to Distinguish These Two Is Tothink of Colonialism as Practice and Imperialism as the." Colonialism/Imperialism: The Simple Way to Distinguish These Two Is Tothink of Colonialism as Practice and Imperialism as the. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr  colonialism. (n.d.). Dictionary.com Unabridged. Retrieved April 16, 2013, from Dictionary.com website:  imperialism. (n.d.). Dictionary.com Unabridged. Retrieved April 16, 2013, from Dictionary.com website:  Webb, Richard. " Imperialism in Africa." Imperialism in Africa. N.p., Web. 21 Apr ailid= ailid=5501