T.T. 9-4 pp

Setting the Scene Many writers turned away from the harsh realities of industrial life to celebrate the natural world in the 1800s. Others writers though made the new industrialized, urban society the subject o their work.

The Romantic Revolt Against Reason  Wordsworth was part of the movement of romanticism that took place from 1750 to 1850  It shaped western literature and arts and cause writers, artists, and composers to rebel again Enlightenment ideas  It caused glorification of nature and strong emotions  The Romantic Hero  Romance of the Past  Music  Romanticism in Art

The Romantic Hero  Writers created in new hero that was mysterious, melancholy hero that holds a great secret  Britain's Lord Bryon created these figures and gained much public interest on his works  Johan Wolfgang von Goethe wrote Faust, a dramatic play about a youth’s journey  Charlotte Bronte wrote Jane Eyre, a book bout a governess, her employer, and a dark secret.

Romance of the Past  Romantic writers combined history, legend, and folklore  Sir Walter Scott’s novels and ballads covered the history or Scottish clans and medieval knights  Alexandre Dumas recreated France’s past in The Three Musketeers

Music o Composers of this time liked to stir deep emotions o Ludwig van Beethoven combined classical forms with a stringing sound, was the first composer to use a range of instruments in an orchestra,and is considered the greatest composer off his day o Other composers, such as Frederic Chopin, wove folk melodies in their works to glorify their nation’s pasts

Romanticism in Art Painters broke from the rules of the Enlightenment J.M.W. Turner painted tiny humans figures struggling against the sea to show the beauty of nature Painters showed many different subjects from peasants to knights Bright colors conveyed strong energy and emotions Eugene Delacroix painted dramatic action in paintings such as Liberty Leading the People

The Call to Realism  Realism, a new artistic movement, took hold in the 1800s  It attempted to represent things as they were and focused on the harsh side of life  Artists often committed to helping the unforunates their depicted  The Novel  Drama  Realism in Art

The Novel  Charles Dickens portrayed slum dwellers and factory workers.  Oliver Twist follows a nine-year-old orphan boy trying to find food but he is denied the food  This tale shocked readers with its poverty and children  Dickens' humor and characters and him famous  Novelists of that time portrayed the ills of their time  These books included Les Miserables by Victor Hugo and Germinal by Emile Zola

Drama  Henrik Ibsen brought realism to the stage through his plays A Doll’s House and A Enemy of the People  His plays attacked hypocrisy though a woman in a straightjacket and a doctor discovering a spa is polluted  Ibsen's realistic dramas had a wide influence in europe and the United States

Realism in Art o Painters portrays their time, casting off romantic emphasis on imagination o They focused on ordinary subjects such as workers o Gustave Courbet painted The Stone Breakers which showed two laborers on a country road o Thomas Eakins painted The Gross Clinic which shocked with its depiction of a medical class conducting a dissection

New Directions in the Visual Arts  Photography emerged in the 1840s  Louis Daguerre and William Fox Talbot invented technologies to get rid of stiff photographs  Photography was used to capture families, dreams, battlefields, and factories.  The Impressionists  The Postimpressionists

The Impressionists o Photography threatened painters by discouraging them from painting realism o Impressionism then took root in Paris as paintings that captured a viewer with a first impression o Claude Monet and Edgar Degas started a new technique of painting of not blending the colors as they believed the human eye would do that o Focus on visual impressions achieved a fresh view on subjects

The Postimpressionists  Painters called postimpressionists developed a variety of styles  Georges Seurat arranged small dots to define objects  Vincent van Gogh experimented with sharp brush lines and bright colors  Paul Gaugin rejected materialism and lived on the island of Tahiti  He painted people looking ‘flat’ and brooding colors and black outlining that conveyed intense feeling and images

Review 1. Romanticism-Artists, Writers, and Composers that glorified nature and sought to excite strong emotions in the audience 2. Realism-Attempt to represent the world as it was, not as glorified by the romantics. 3. Impressionism-Artists tried to capture the first fleeting impression made by a scene or object on the viewer’s eye.

Review 1. Lord Byron- A British poet and writer who created a mysterious, melancholy hero who felt out of step with society 2. Ludwig van Beethoven- German composer that combined classical forms with a stirring range of sound 3. Charlotte Bronte- English novelist who wrote Jane Eyre 4. Charles Dickens-Realist writer who wrote Oliver Twist 5. Claude Monet- Impressionist painter finished paintings without blending brush strokes 6. Vincent van Gogh- Dutch Post-Impressionist painter used sharp brush lines and bold colors. 7. George Seurat- Artist that arranged small dots of color to define shapes of objects 8. Henrik Ibsen- Used his plays to attack the hypocrisy that he saw around him 9. Victor Hugo- French realist artist that wrote “Les Miserables”

Review 1. What invention in the 1800s about led to the end of “Realism” in paintings? The camera 2. What did romantic artists try to show? They sought to portray and arouse strong emotions 3. What was the romantic movement in the arts a reaction against? The rebellion was against the Enlightenments emphasis on reason and progress and responded to industrialism by largely ignoring it.