The Gas Exchange System

 ayer_embedded&v=3nZaSrV6v6k# ayer_embedded&v=3nZaSrV6v6k#  Consists of: lungs, diaphragm, trachea, larynx and pharynx  Primary function: bringing oxygen into the body and help remove waste gases from the body

 Inhalation (inhale) : contraction of diaphragm causes lungs to increase in size which creates a vacuum so air is pushed into the lungs.  Exhalation (exhale) : diaphragm relaxes which causes the lungs to decrease in size and increase in pressure which pushes the air out of the lungs  When active, respiration increases to bring more oxygen into the body. When resting, respiration will decrease since less oxygen is required by the body.

Nostrils(mouth) → pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles → alveoli Nasal Cavity – air is warmed and moistened Pharynx – connects the nasal and oral cavities with the esophagus and trachea Larynx – located at the top of the trachea, this is where the vocal chords (voice box) is located Epiglottis – thin flap on top of the trachea that keeps food and water from entering the trachea. Trachea – tube with rings of cartilage (can be felt in front of neck) that transport air between the larynx and bronchi.

Bronchi – large tubes that connect the trachea to the bronchioles Bronchioles – smaller tubes that branch off and connect the bronchi with the alveoli Alveoli – tiny sacs in the lungs that are surrounded by capillaries where air exchange occurs between the lungs and blood. Oxygen diffuses into the blood and waste gases such as carbon dioxide diffuse into the alveoli to be exhaled.