Lifestyles In Ocean Zones

In The Zone Lifestyles Explanation: This Power Point is included in this presentation as a review of basic terminology and information.

Ocean Zones (shoreline to open ocean) Intertidal Zone Intertidal Zone Neritic Zone Neritic Zone Oceanic Zone Oceanic Zone Benthic Zone Benthic Zone

Sunlight Intertidal Zone Neritic Zone Oceanic Zone Continental Shelf Benthic Zone

Intertidal Zone Area between high tide line and low tide line Area between high tide line and low tide line Organisms adapted to harsh, changing environments Organisms adapted to harsh, changing environments Intertidal Zone Continental Shelf

Neritic Zone Area over the continental shelf Area over the continental shelf Area of greatest density and diversity of marine life Area of greatest density and diversity of marine life Neritic Zone Continental Shelf

Oceanic Zone From the continental break out to open ocean From the continental break out to open ocean Oceanic Zone Continental Shelf

Benthic Zone The Ocean Floor The Ocean Floor Underlies all the other zones Underlies all the other zones Benthic Zone

Ocean Zones (surface to ocean floor) Epipelagic Zone Photic Zone or Sunlight ZonePhotic Zone or Sunlight Zone Mesopelagic Zone Disphotic Zone or Twilight ZoneDisphotic Zone or Twilight Zone Bathypelagic Zone Aphotic zone or Midnight ZoneAphotic zone or Midnight Zone Abyssopelagic Zone Aphotic Zone or Midnight ZoneAphotic Zone or Midnight Zone Hadopelagic Zone Aphotic Zone or Midnight ZoneAphotic Zone or Midnight Zone

Epipelagic Zone Mesopelagic Zone Bathypelagic Zone Abyssopelagic Zone Hadopelagic Zone ,000

Epipelagic Zone Photic Zone Photic Zone Enough sunlight for photosynthesis Enough sunlight for photosynthesis Primary area of food production Primary area of food production From surface down to about 200 meters From surface down to about 200 meters Sunlight Zone Photic Zone Epipelagic Zone 0m 200m

Mesopelagic Zone Dysphotic Zone Dysphotic Zone Not enough sunlight to support photosynthesis Not enough sunlight to support photosynthesis From about From about 200 m down to 1,000 m 200 m down to 1,000 m Mesopelagic Zone200m 1,000m

Midnight Zones No sunlight No sunlight From 1,000 m down to ocean floor, or around 11,000 m From 1,000 m down to ocean floor, or around 11,000 m Low density and diversity of marine life Low density and diversity of marine life Midnight Zone 1,000m 11,000m

Bathypelagic Zone No sunlight No sunlight From 1,000 m down to From 1,000 m down to 4,000 m 4,000 m Low density and diversity of marine life Low density and diversity of marine life Bathypelagic Zone 1,000m 4,000m

Abyssopelagic Zone No sunlight No sunlight From 4,000 m down to 6,000 m From 4,000 m down to 6,000 m Low density and diversity of marine life Low density and diversity of marine life Abyssopelagic Zone 4,000m 6,000m

Hadopelagic Zone No sunlight No sunlight From 6,000 m down to ocean floor, or around 11,000 m From 6,000 m down to ocean floor, or around 11,000 m Low density and diversity of marine life Low density and diversity of marine life Hadopelagic Zone 6,000m 11,000m

Lifestyles 3 Basic Lifestyles: 3 Basic Lifestyles: PlanktonPlankton NektonNekton BenthosBenthos

Plankton Floaters or very poor swimmers Floaters or very poor swimmers Plankton divided into 2 groups: Plankton divided into 2 groups: Phytoplankton – producers, photosynthesizersPhytoplankton – producers, photosynthesizers Zooplankton – consumersZooplankton – consumers

Phytoplankton Must live in the photic zone Must live in the photic zone Most abundant in shallow coastal areas or in upwelling zones Most abundant in shallow coastal areas or in upwelling zones The basis of the oceanic food web The basis of the oceanic food web

Phytoplankton Cyanobacteria Cyanobacteria Diatoms Diatoms Coccolithophores Coccolithophores Dinoflagellates Dinoflagellates

Zooplankton Foraminifers Foraminifers Radiolarians Radiolarians Cnidarians Cnidarians Combjellies Combjellies Arthropods Arthropods Larvae Larvae

Zooplankton

Plankton Meroplankton Meroplankton Spend only part of their life cycles as planktonSpend only part of their life cycles as plankton Are the larval stages of organisms that grow to become benthic or nektonic organismsAre the larval stages of organisms that grow to become benthic or nektonic organisms Holoplankto n Holoplankto n Spend their entire life cycles as planktonSpend their entire life cycles as plankton

Nekton (swimmers) Free swimmers Free swimmers Maneuver actively in the water column Maneuver actively in the water column Found in the water column from surface to ocean floor Found in the water column from surface to ocean floor

Nekton (swimmers) 5 Categories: 5 Categories: Reptiles Mammals Fish Arthropods Mollusks

Nekton (swimmers) Marine Reptiles: Marine Reptiles: Turtles Snakes Crocodiles Iguanas

Nekton (swimmers) Marine Mammals: Marine Mammals: Whales Seals Otters Manatees Dolphins

Nekton (swimmers) Bony Fish: Bony Fish: Tuna Barracuda Eels Angler Fish

Nekton (swimmers) Cartilaginous Fish Cartilaginous Fish Sharks Rays Skates

Nekton (swimmers) Marine Arthropods Marine Arthropods Shrimp Mollusks Mollusks Squid Octopi

Benthos (bottom dwellers) Live either on or attached to the bottom Live either on or attached to the bottom Primarily filter feeders or scavengers Primarily filter feeders or scavengers

Benthos (bottom dwellers) 2 Basic Types: 2 Basic Types: Sessile - Live attached to the bottomSessile - Live attached to the bottom Vagrant - Able to move aboutVagrant - Able to move about

Benthos (bottom dwellers) Sessile: Sessile: Barnacles Sponges Corals Sea Anemones Oysters Clams

Benthos (bottom dwellers) Vagrant: Vagrant: Crabs Sea Stars Sea Cucumbers Sea Urchins Brittle Stars

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