THEN AND NOW THE HISTORY OF THE INTERNET AND WORLD WIDE WEB By: Ethan

SYNCOM  What: Syncom was the first geosynchronous communication satellite launched  Who: Was made by NASA  Where: Assembled in the Hughes Aircraft Company’s facility in Culver City, California  Total payload is 55 pounds  When: Was created in 1963  Why: It was launched as an experimental satellite and was used to pave the way for many, larger satellites in the 1980’s  How: It was a 55 pound satellite that was launched from a Delta B #20 launch vehicle from Cape Canaveral.Delta B

ASCII  Who: A joint industry-government committee  What: ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)  When: 1963  Where: United States  Why: To create a computer that had letters and numbers, also a computer that you could send messages to and from  How: By putting 7-bit binary integers underneath each letter and number on the key-board

SECURE PACKET SWITCHING NETWORKS  Who: MIT, RAND Corporation, and the National Physical Laboratory in Great Britain  What: It was a race between countries for the first secure packet switching network. The U.S won.  When: 1964  Where: All over the globe  Why: It allowed a person to send a small packets (small units of data) based on the destination address within each packet.  How: They built a network that could transmit packets to a persons intended destination.

PDP  What: PDP-8 was the first commercially successful minicomputer  It sold for $18,000  Who: The Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) created the PDP-8  When: It was created in 1965  Why: Its purpose was to be small enough to fit at a desk, and cheep enough so everybody could have one  Where: It was created at DEC  How: By programming special codes that were much smaller than most computers back then so it could fit on a table

THE FIRST WIDE-AREA NETWORK CONNECTION  Who: Larry Roberts and Thomas Marill  What: The first wide-area network connection  When: 1965  Where: Santa Monica is where they connected it  Why: To come up with a network that could reach multiple buildings or sights in the area (like hospitals)  How: By connecting TX-2 at MIT to the Q-32 in Santa Monica